How to identify indolent thyroid tumors unlikely to recur and cause cancer death immediately after surgery—Risk stratification of papillary thyroid carcinoma in young patients—

Current histopathological diagnosis methods cannot distinguish the two types of thyroid carcinoma: clinically significant carcinomas with a potential risk of recurrence, metastasis, and cancer death, and clinically insignificant carcinomas with a slow growth rate. Both thyroid tumors are diagnosed as carcinoma in current pathology practice. The clinician usually recommends surgery to the patient and the patient often accepts it because of cancer...