Processing Apples to Puree or Juice Speeds Gastric Emptying and Reduces Postprandial Intestinal Volumes and Satiety in Healthy Adults

Whole apples produce greater satiety than processed apples, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.Our aim was to assess the intragastric processing of apple preparations and the associated small and large bowel contents using MRI.An open label, 3-way crossover, randomized, controlled trial. Eighteen healthy adults (mean ± SD age, 25 ± 4 y; BMI, 22.7 ± 3.5 kg/m2) underwent serial MRI scans on 3 occasions separated by 7 d, after consumption...