Preeclampsia is a persistent hypertensive gestational disease characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria, which presents from the second trimester of pregnancy. At the cellular level, preeclampsia has largely been associated with the release of free radicals by the placenta. Placenta-borne oxidative and nitrosative stresses are even sometimes considered as the major molecular determinants of the maternal disease. In this review, we present the recent literature evaluating free radical production in both normal and pathological placentas (including preeclampsia and other major pregnancy diseases), in humans and animal models. We then assess the putative effects of these free radicals on the placenta and maternal endothelium. This analysis was conducted with regard to recent papers and possible therapeutic avenues.
#1Qinyin Deng(CQMU: Chongqing Medical University)H-Index: 8
#1Qinyin Deng(Academy of Medical Sciences, United Kingdom)H-Index: 1
Last. Hongbo Qi(CQMU: Chongqing Medical University)H-Index: 17
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Objective: Many studies have confirmed that N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III) is correlated with tumor invasion and metastasis. However, the expression of GnT-III and its role in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia (PE) has not been reached. So the primary objective of this study is to determine GnT-III expression in normal pregnancy and whether its expression is vulnerable to oxidative stress in the trophoblast cells.Methods: Human first trimester villous tissues from normal pregnanci...
#1Haiying Rao(CQMU: Chongqing Medical University)H-Index: 3
#2Yuxiang Bai(CQMU: Chongqing Medical University)H-Index: 4
Last. Hongbo Qi(CQMU: Chongqing Medical University)H-Index: 17
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AbstractObjective: Special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 (SATB1) play potential roles in invasion and metastasis of tumor cells, and involves in human placental and fetal development. The objective of this study is to explore the role of SATB1 in migration and invasion of trophoblast and the potential mechanism.Methods: Human placental tissues from first trimester, second trimester, term, and preeclampsia (PE) pregnancies were used to detect the expression and subcellular location of SATB1 ...
DJ-1 (PARK7) has been reported to be causative gene of Parkinson disease and also an oncogene. A loss in DJ-1 function can lead to cell death in neurodegenerative disease, or a gain of it can cause unregulated cell survival in cancer, respectively. DJ-1 protein is known to be expressed mainly in trophoblastic cells in the placenta with increased expression in the first trimester compared to later in term. However, its role in trophoblast regulation remains unknown. This study aimed to investigat...
KEY POINTS:The post-translational modification of target proteins by SUMOylation occurs in response to stressful stimuli in a variety of organ systems. Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) isoforms 1-4 have recently been identified in the human placenta, and are upregulated in the major obstetrical complication of pre-eclampsia. This is the first study to characterize the spatiotemporal distribution of SUMO isoforms and their targets during placental development across gestation and in response ...
: During embryo implantation, the outer layer of the blastocyst interacts with the endometrium giving rise to the development of the trophoblast cell lineage. The cells in this lineage participate in the penetration of endometrium due to their motility and invasive properties. The mechanisms that regulate the differentiation and invasive ability of these cells are essential for the establishment and maintenance of an efficient exchange between maternal and fetal tissues during pregnancy. In this...
Last. Suk Hyo Suh(Ewha Womans University)H-Index: 20
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Abstract Aims: Altered redox state has been related to the development of normal pregnancy (NP) and preeclampsia (PE). Endothelial KCa2.3 and KCa3.1 (KCas) play an important role in vasodilation, a...
#1S. Verma(UKZN: University of KwaZulu-Natal)H-Index: 1
#2Preenan Pillay(UKZN: University of KwaZulu-Natal)H-Index: 4
Last. Irene Mackraj(UKZN: University of KwaZulu-Natal)H-Index: 16
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Preeclampsia (PE) occurs as a result placental hypoxia-induced oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and is associated with the activation of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and apoptotic CHOP pathways with the consequential shedding of syncytiotrophoblast microvesicles which may be central in mediating the maternal systemic immune response. The aim of this study was to immune-localise and morphometrically analyse CHOP and HIF-1α within the placenta of normotensive and pre-eclamptic p...
#1Jason C. H. Tsang(CUHK: The Chinese University of Hong Kong)H-Index: 6
#2Joaquim S. L. Vong(CUHK: The Chinese University of Hong Kong)H-Index: 8
Last. Yuk Ming Dennis Lo(CUHK: The Chinese University of Hong Kong)H-Index: 1
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The human placenta is a dynamic and heterogeneous organ critical in the establishment of the fetomaternal interface and the maintenance of gestational well-being. It is also the major source of cell-free fetal nucleic acids in the maternal circulation. Placental dysfunction contributes to significant complications, such as preeclampsia, a potentially lethal hypertensive disorder during pregnancy. Previous studies have identified significant changes in the expression profiles of preeclamptic plac...
Last. Saurabh Mehta(St. John's University)H-Index: 27
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Abstract Background The etiology of pre-eclampsia (PE) is not yet fully understood, though current literature indicates an upregulation of inflammatory mediators produced by the placenta as a potential causal mechanism. Vitamin D is known to have anti-inflammatory properties and there is evidence of an inverse relationship between dietary calcium intake and the incidence of PE. Evidence of the role of vitamin D status and supplementation in the etiology and prevention of PE is reviewed in this a...
Selenium, residing in a series of selenoproteins, plays an important role in both female and male reproductive function. Of particular significance for reproduction is the antioxidant glutathione peroxidase (GPx), a main selenoenzyme, whose level is regulated by the availability of Se in the body. We hypothesized that changes in Se status, closely related to GPx activity, would result in an increased risk of reproductive dysfunction in individuals. We retrospectively investigated the serum selen...
Uric acid (UA) is the end metabolic product of purine metabolism. Early on, UA was considered to be a metabolite with a certain antioxidant capacity. As research has progressed, other properties of UA have been explored, and its association with many diseases has been found. The association between UA and kidney disease and cardiovascular disease is well established; however, there is still a paucity of reviews on the association between UA and the female reproductive system. An increasing numbe...
Abstract Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), including preeclampsia and gestational hypertension, lead to significant maternal morbidity and in some cases, maternal mortality. Environmental toxicants, especially those that disrupt normal placental and endothelial function, are emerging as potential risk factors for HDP. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large group of ubiquitous chemicals found in consumer products, the environment, and increasingly in drinking water. PFAS ...
#1Yunshan Chen(Guangzhou Medical University)H-Index: 1
#2Lele Wang(Guangzhou Medical University)H-Index: 1
Last. Huishu Liu(Guangzhou Medical University)H-Index: 9
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AbstractBackground: Excessive trophoblasts erosivity is the main pathological manifestation in placenta accreta. Similar to early pregnancy, trophoblasts of placenta accreta might have a similar an...
This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary selenium during pregnancy on the selenium deposition and antioxidant enzymes in postpartum mouse serum, liver, and mammary gland. Eighty BALB/c pregnant mice were randomly divided into four groups: CG (Se-deficient basal diet, n = 20), LG (0.05 mg/kg Se-supplemented diet, n = 20), MG (0.1 mg/kg Se-supplemented diet, n = 20), and HG (0.2 mg/kg Se-supplemented diet, n = 20). Four days after parturition, all mice were euthanized. The selenium d...
Abstract Cadmium (Cd) is a bioaccumulative heavy metal element with potential placental toxicity during pregnancy. Up to now, however, the precise toxic effects of Cd on human placentae, particularly as they pertain to trophoblast cells remain obscure. We therefore sought to investigate the cytotoxic effects of Cd on human extravillous trophoblast HTR-8/SVneo cells and the mechanisms involved in the processes. Results in this present study showed that CdCl2 treatment significantly suppressed cel...
Pre-eclampsia (PE) accompanying acute liver and kidney injury has remained a master cause of both fetal and maternal mortality and morbidity. Vasoactive mediators, oxidative stress and inflammatory imbalanceshave an important role in PE pathogenesis. Apelin is an adipokine that improves endothelial dysfunction; has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects; moreover, its level reduced during PE. This study aimed to explore the effects of apelin-13 administration on preeclampsia-associated renal ...
Preeclampsia affects about 3–8% of all pregnancies. It represents a complex and multifaceted syndrome with at least several potential pathways leading to the development of disease. The main dogma in preeclampsia is the two-stage model of disease. Stage 1 (placental stage) takes place in early pregnancy and is thought to be impaired placentation due to inadequate trophoblastic invasion of the maternal spiral arteries that leads to reduced placental perfusion and release of numerous biological fa...