Background
Treatment of severe or chronic skin wounds is an important challenge facing medicine and a significant health care burden. Proper wound healing is often affected by bacterial infection; where biofilm formation is one of the main risks and particularly problematic because it confers protection to microorganisms against antibiotics. One avenue to prevent bacterial colonization of wounds is the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs); which have proved to be effective against non-multidrug-resistant and multidrug-resistant bacteria. In addition, the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) is an excellent option to improve wound healing due to their capability for differentiation and release of relevant growth factors. Finally, radiosterilized pig skin (RPS) is a biomatrix successfully used as wound dressing to avoid massive water loss, which represents an excellent carrier to deliver MSC into wound beds. Together, AgNPs, RPS and MSC represent a potential dressing to control massive water loss, prevent bacterial infection and enhance skin regeneration; three essential processes for appropriate wound healing with minimum scaring.
Last. Ali Moshiri(IUMS: Iran University of Medical Sciences)H-Index: 26
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Burns are the most extensive forms of soft tissue injuries occasionally resulting in extensive and deep wounds and death. Burns can lead to severe mental and emotional distress, because of excessive scarring and skin contractures. Treatment of burns has always been a difficult medical problem and many different methods have been used to treat such injuries, locally. Biofilms are a collection of microorganisms that delay wound healing. One of the new methods of prevention and treatment of burn wo...
Recent advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology radically changed the way we diagnose, treat, and prevent various diseases in all aspects of human life. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are one of the most vital and fascinating nanomaterials among several metallic nanoparticles that are involved in biomedical applications. AgNPs play an important role in nanoscience and nanotechnology, particularly in nanomedicine. Although several noble metals have been used for various purposes, AgNPs have been ...
In the present report, gallic acid was used as both a reducing and stabilizing agent to synthesize gold and silver nanoparticles. The synthesized gold and silver nanoparticles exhibited characteristic surface plasmon resonance bands at 536 and 392 nm, respectively. Nanoparticles that were approximately spherical in shape were observed in high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy images. The hydrodynamic radius was determined to be 54.4 nm for gold nanoparticles...
Tissue substitutes are required in a number of clinical conditions for treatment of injured and diseased tissues. Tissues like bone, skin, amniotic membrane and soft tissues obtained from human donor can be used for repair or reconstruction of the injured part of the body. Allograft tissues from human donor provide an excellent alternative to autografts. However, major concern with the use of allografts is the risk of infectious disease transmission. Therefore, tissue allografts should be steril...
The development of multi-species biofilms in chronic wounds is a serious health problem that primarily generates strong resistance mechanisms to antimicrobial therapy. The use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent has been studied previously. However, their cytotoxic effects limit its use within the medical area. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-biofilm capacity of chitosan gel formulations loaded with AgNPs, using silver sulfadiazine (SSD) as ...
#1Steven Maximus(UCI: University of California, Irvine)H-Index: 5
#2Victor Joe(UCI: University of California, Irvine)H-Index: 7
The science of epidemiology is of great importance, as the patterns of burn injury can lead to more concentrated efforts for both prevention and treatment. The goal of this chapter is not to attempt an exhaustive review of burn epidemiology, but rather to utilize some basic epidemiologic data to convey several important points that strengthen the premise and purpose of this book. These data will demonstrate the following: 1. Burns remain a significant mechanism of injury. 2. Most burns are nonfa...
The purpose of this introductory chapter is to discuss the anatomy, physiology, histology, and immunohistochemistry of the skin. The sections on the epidermis cover the structure of its stratified layers, its cellular contents, and the architecture of dermoepidermal junction. The sections on the dermis contain information on its extracellular matrix structure and dermal fibroblasts that are required for its homeostasis and sections on the microvasculature, muscles, and nerves found in the dermis...
Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) are believed to be potential key factors for starting the regenerative process after tissue injury. However, an efficient method of delivering these regenerative cells to an external wound site is still lacking. Human amnion and pig skin have long been used as skin wound dressings for the treatment of burns and other skin lesions. Herein, we present the generation of two constructs using these two biomaterials as effective scaffolds for the ...
Abstract Microbial resistance represents a challenge for the scientific community to develop new bioactive compounds. The goal of this research was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against a clinical isolate of Streptococcus mutans , antibiofilm activity against mature S. mutans biofilms and the compatibility with human fibroblasts. The antimicrobial activity of AgNPs against the planktonic clinical isolate was size and concentration dependent, with smaller ...
Significance: Microorganisms can exist both in the planktonic and biofilm state. Each phenotypic state has a role to play in delaying healing and causing infections of both acute and chronic wounds. However, the virulent biofilm state is the fundamental reason that chronic wounds do not heal in a timely manner. We hypothesize that because microorganisms attach to any surface, biofilms can be found in all chronic wounds. However, it is not the biofilm per se that represents the greatest obstacle ...
#1Pragya Singh(NTUST: National Taiwan University of Science and Technology)
#2Pei Hsuan Chiang(NTUST: National Taiwan University of Science and Technology)
Last. Jinn P. Chu(NTUST: National Taiwan University of Science and Technology)H-Index: 36
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Abstract null null Currently, wound dressing is often used to accelerate wound healing, avoid contaminations from the external environment and protect wound from infections, control moisture around the wound, meanwhile being biocompatible and non-toxic. Thin film metallic glass (TFMG) possess amorphous structure that driven to several unique properties such as excellent strength and high surface smoothness. Zr-based (Zr63.5Cu19.9Al11.5Ni5.1 (at%)) and W-based (W65.4Ni30.5B4.1) metallic glasses w...
Last. Jinghua Chen(Jiangnan University)H-Index: 19
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Abstract null null The wound bacterial infections have become an intractable problem to human health. Multifunctional wound dressing materials with excellent adhesion, antibacterial as well as wound healing properties are still desperately needed to resist wound infection. In this work, an injectable hydrogel has been prepared, which chitosan and hyaluronic acid were cross-linked by aldehyde modified polyethylene glycol (PEG). For improving the antibacterial property, S-nitrosothiols was used as...
Skin is the external part of the human body; thus, it is exposed to outer stimuli leading to injuries and damage, due to being the tissue mostly affected by wounds and aging that compromise its protective function. The recent extension of the average lifespan raises the interest in products capable of counteracting skin related health conditions. However, the skin barrier is not easy to permeate and could be influenced by different factors. In the last decades an innovative pharmacotherapeutic a...
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic pathogen of significant concern to susceptible patient populations. This pathogen can cause nosocomial and community-acquired respiratory and bloodstream infections and various other infections in humans. Sources include water, plant rhizospheres, animals, and foods. Studies of the genetic heterogeneity of S. maltophilia strains have identified several new genogroups and suggested adaptation of this pathogen to its habitats. The mechanisms used by...
Abstract In recent years, bionanotechnology and green chemistry are received more attention among the researchers as they are eco-friendly and cost-effective techniques to prepare nanomaterials. Herein we report the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Biophytum Sensitivum (B. Sensitivum) leaf extract. Synthesized AgNPs were primarily confirmed by UV–visible spectroscopy. It shows the surface plasmon resonance at 460 nm. The size and morphology of synthesized B. Sensitivum capped AgNP...
In the last four decades, several researchers worldwide have routinely and meticulously exercised cell culture experiments in two-dimensional (2D) platforms. Using traditionally existing 2D models, the therapeutic efficacy of drugs has been inappropriately validated due to the failure in generating the precise therapeutic response. Fortunately, a 3D model addresses the foregoing limitations by recapitulating the in vivo environment. In this context, one has to contemplate the design of an approp...
#1Mikhail Durymanov(MIPT: Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology)H-Index: 10
#1M.O. Durymanov(MIPT: Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology)
Last. G. I. Filkov(MIPT: Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology)
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Frostbite is the most common type of traumatic injuries in the cold climate of the Arctic. Post-traumatic recovery of the patients takes a long time and often leads to the loss of the damaged limb. A promising approach for frostbite therapy could be treatment with mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), which are widely used in regenerative medicine for different applications. Here, we aimed to discuss the possibility of frostbite treatment with MSCs. The success of MSC use for therapy of differe...
Last. Jinlan Jiang(JLU: Jilin University)H-Index: 9
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Introduction Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising resource for tissue regeneration and repair. However, their clinical application is hindered by technical limitations related to MSC enrichment at the target sites. Methods MSCs were labeled with magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs). We analyzed the effects of NP on cell proliferation, stem cell characteristics, and cytokine secretion. Furthermore, we induced NP-labeled MSC migration with an external magnetic field toward laser-induced ski...
#2Fengxia Liu(XMU: Xinjiang Medical University)H-Index: 1
Last. Kun Xiong(CSU: Central South University)H-Index: 4
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The skin has important barrier, sensory, and immune functions, contributing to the health and integrity of the organism. Extensive skin injuries that threaten the entire organism require immediate and effective treatment. Wound healing is a natural response, but in severe conditions, such as burns and diabetes, this process is insufficient to achieve effective treatment. Epidermal stem cells (EPSCs) are a multipotent cell type and are committed to the formation and differentiation of the functio...