Spontaneous Graft‐Induced Dyskinesias Are Independent of 5‐HT Neurons and Levodopa Priming in a Model of Parkinson's Disease

The risk of graft-induced dyskinesias (GIDs) presents a major challenge in progressing cell transplantation as a therapy for Parkinson's disease. Current theories implicate the presence of grafted serotonin neurons, hotspots of dopamine release, neuroinflammation and established levodopa-induced dyskinesia.To elucidate the mechanisms of GIDs.Neonatally desensitized, dopamine denervated rats received intrastriatal grafts of human embryonic stem...