Time to Turn on the Blue Lights: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Photodynamic Diagnosis for Bladder Cancer

White light (WL) cystoscopy and transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) comprise the current gold standard technique for detecting and grading bladder cancer. However, with WL cystoscopy, recurrence following initial TURBT is high, and identification of smaller tumours and carcinoma in situ is poor. Photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) has been developed to improve the detection of bladder.To assess the effect of PDD-guided TURBT compared with...