A model of steady state ultrafiltration through an endothelial glycocalyx bi‐layer formed by a porous outer layer and a more selective membrane‐associated inner layer

Ultrastructural investigations of the endothelial glycocalyx reveal a layer adjacent to the cell surface with a structure consistent with the primary ultrafilter of vascular walls. Theory predicts this inner layer can be no greater than 200–300 nm thick, a result to be reconciled with observations that red cells and large macromolecules are excluded from a region up to 1 micron or more from the cell membrane. We tested whether this apparent...