BACKGROUND The microbiome of the digestive tract of ruminants contains microbial ecosystem that is affected by both environmental and genetic factors. The subject of this study concerns the influence of selected genetic factors, such as species of animals and "host" individual differences on the digestive tract microbiome composition. The results show the core microbiological composition (Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes) of ruminants digestive tract (based on feces) depending on breed and "host". The Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla are the most abundant in ruminants digestive tract. The aim of the study was to determine the differences prevalence level of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla in feces of Charolaise cattle and Polish Olkuska Sheep with respect to intra- and inter-species variability. RESULTS The research group in the experiment consisted of animals at the age of 3 months kept in the same environmental conditions - rams of Polish Olkuska Sheep (n = 10) and Charolaise bulls (n = 10). Feces were collected individually from each animal (animals without disease symptoms were selected), living on the same environmental conditions. The analysis of the results in terms of species showed differences in the Firmicutes phylum level and Lactobacillaceae family between rams and bulls. Subsequently, the analysis performed for the "host effect" showed differentiation in the levels of the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla between individuals in a group and also between the groups. CONCLUSION The obtained results suggest that, apart from the diet and the environment, the species and the individual host are equally important factors influencing the microbiological composition of the digestive system of ruminants.
Studies carried out so far have indicated the effect of the microbiome on the composition of ruminant products. Recent studies have shown that not only diet, but also genetic factors can affect the microbiological composition of the digestive system. The aim of the study was to determine the differences in the levels of selected bacterial phyla in terms of breed differences. Three sheep breeds, i.e., Olkuska, Romanov, and old-type Polish Merino, differing in their use (meat-wool, meat, prolifica...
#1Paulina Cholewińska(Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences)H-Index: 5
#2Marta Iwaszkiewicz(Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences)H-Index: 1
Last. Robert Bodkowski(Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences)H-Index: 5
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ABSTRACTThe aim of the study was to determine the electrical characteristics of wool derived from Polish Olkuska breed lambs. The comparison involved the features of wool both in its natural state and washed. The lambs were bathed on the 1st and 14th days of life. Electrical features were determined on the basis of impedance (Ω) and resistance (Ω) for wool samples from 16 lambs from twin litters. The wool samples were collected from the lambs on the 14th and 35th days of life. The results of blo...
#1Ori Furman(BGU: Ben-Gurion University of the Negev)H-Index: 4
#2Liat Shenhav(UCLA: University of California, Los Angeles)H-Index: 9
Last. Itzhak Mizrahi(BGU: Ben-Gurion University of the Negev)H-Index: 27
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How complex communities assemble through the animal’s life, and how predictable the process is remains unexplored. Here, we investigate the forces that drive the assembly of rumen microbiomes throughout a cow’s life, with emphasis on the balance between stochastic and deterministic processes. We analyse the development of the rumen microbiome from birth to adulthood using 16S-rRNA amplicon sequencing data and find that the animals shared a group of core successional species that invaded early on...
Last. Le Luo Guan(U of A: University of Alberta)H-Index: 57
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Ruminant production systems face significant challenges currently, driven by heightened awareness of their negative environmental impact and the rapidly rising global population. Recent findings ha...
#1Paulina Cholewińska(Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences)H-Index: 5
#2Katarzyna Czyż(Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences)H-Index: 5
Last. Anna Wyrostek(Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences)H-Index: 5
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This review aims to explain the influence and characterization of the microbiome in the ruminant digestive system by presenting the knowledge collected so far. The knowledge presented in this work is focused on the main factors affecting the microbiome and the main dependencies that have been found in it so far. The microbiome in the rumen is the first to come into contact with the biomass of the forage and its main purpose is to decompose into smaller particles or compounds. With the gradual in...
AIMS: To determine the composition and temporal stability of the gut (faecal) microbiota of sheep (Ovis aries). METHODS AND RESULTS: Microbial population dynamics was conducted using ARISA (28 sheep) and 16S rRNA sequencing (11 sheep). Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the predominant bacterial phyla, constituting ~80% of the total population. The core faecal bacterial microbiota of sheep consisted of 67 of 136 detected families and 91 of 215 detected species. Predominant microbial taxa included...
Last. Luis G.C. Pacheco(UFBA: Federal University of Bahia)H-Index: 16
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: Reverse-transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) using fluorescent DNA-binding dyes is now a gold-standard methodology to study bacterial gene expression through relative quantitation of target mRNAs under specific experimental conditions, and recent developments in the technology allow for gene expression analysis in single cells. Nevertheless, several critical steps of the RT-qPCR protocol need to be carefully addressed in order to obtain reliable results, par...
The productivity of ruminants depends largely on rumen microbiota. However, there are few studies on the age-related succession of rumen microbial communities in grazing lambs. Here, we conducted 16 s rRNA gene sequencing for bacterial identification on rumen fluid samples from 27 Tibetan lambs at nine developmental stages (days (D) 0, 2, 7, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, and 360, n = 3). We observed that Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria populations were significantly changed during the growing lambs’ firs...
#1Daniel Conroy-Beam(UCSB: University of California, Santa Barbara)H-Index: 14
#2David M. Buss(University of Texas at Austin)H-Index: 117
Last. Maja Zupančič(University of Ljubljana)H-Index: 12
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Humans express a wide array of ideal mate preferences. Around the world, people desire romantic partners who are intelligent, healthy, kind, physically attractive, wealthy, and more. In order for these ideal preferences to guide the choice of actual romantic partners, human mating psychology must possess a means to integrate information across these many preference dimensions into summaries of the overall mate value of their potential mates. Here we explore the computational design of this mate ...
Last. Rainer Roehe(Scotland's Rural College)H-Index: 35
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The rumen microbiome is essential for the biological processes involved in the conversion of feed into nutrients that can be utilized by the host animal. In the present research the influence of the rumen microbiome on feed conversion efficiency, growth rate and appetite of beef cattle was investigated using metagenomic data. Our aim was to explore the associations between microbial genes and functional pathways, to shed light on the influence of bacterial enzyme expression on host phenotypes. T...
#1Jakub Smoliński(Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences)
#2Natalia Szeligowska(Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences)H-Index: 1
Last. Marzena Janczak(Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences)H-Index: 2
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During pregnancy and parturition, the homeostasis of the body is disturbed, and the immune system is undermined, which is associated with hormonal changes within the body. Recently, it has also been suggested that physiological and hormonal changes associated with pregnancy may affect the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiome. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the composition of the microbiome in the third month of pregnancy in sheep in their first and second parity. Eig...
