Bevacizumab and folic acid dual-targeted gadolinium-carbon dots for fluorescence/magnetic resonance imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma

In this study, single- and dual-targeted gadolinium-carbon dots (Gd-CDs) with Bevacizumab (BEV) and/or folic acid (FA) were developed as dual-modal fluorescence and magnetic resonance (FL/MR) imaging nanoprobes. Gd-CDs were prepared by a single-pot hydrothermal route using citric acid, ethylenediamine, and Gd-DO3A-butrol (Gadovist) as the starting materials. Mouse hepatocellular carcinoma (Hepa1-6) cell line was selected as cancer cells, while...