Simultaneous generation of acrylamide, β-carboline heterocyclic amines and advanced glycation ends products in an aqueous Maillard reaction model system

The simultaneous formation of acrylamide; β-carboline heterocyclic amines (HAs): harmane and norharmane; and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) (Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and Nε-(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL)) was analyzed based on an aqueous model system. The model systems included lysine-glucose (Lys/Glu), asparagine-glucose (Asn/Glu), tryptophan-glucose (Trp/Glu), and a mixture of these amino acids (Mix/Glu). Only AGEs were generated...