Advances and applications of chitosan-based nanomaterials as oral delivery carriers: A review

The oral drug administration was convenient and comfortable route for patients. Nevertheless, the oral uptake efficiency of many therapeutic agents was limited by physiological barriers of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This review summarized the challenges toward the oral delivery systems including instability and poor permeability in gastrointestinal environment. The transcellular and paracellular transport were main pathways of nanocarriers...