DNA damage signaling in the cellular responses to mustard vesicants

• Mustard vesicants such as sulfur mustard and nitrogen mustard are highly reactive with DNA. • Mustards can form monofunctional and bifunctional adducts. • Cells initiate a DNA damage response to protect against genotoxicity from mustards. • The DNA damage response activates signaling cascades important in DNA repair. • Inaccurate DNA repair can lead to single and double strand DNA breaks that contribute to cytotoxicity. Mustard vesicants,...