Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have piqued worldwide interest for their extensive potential to treat a large array of clinical indications, their unique and controversial immunogenic and immune modulatory properties allowing ample discussions and debates for their possible applications. Emerging data demonstrating that the interaction of biomaterials and physical cues with MSC can guide their differentiation into specific cell lineages also provide new interesting insights for further MSC manipulation in different clinical applications. Moreover, recent discoveries of some regulatory molecules and signaling pathways in MSC niche that may regulate cell fate to distinct lineage herald breakthroughs in regenerative medicine. Although the advancement and success in the MSC field had led to an enormous increase in the amount of ongoing clinical trials, we still lack defined clinical therapeutic protocols. This review will explore the exciting opportunities offered by human and animal MSC, describing relevant biological properties of these cells in the light of the novel emerging evidence mentioned above while addressing the limitations and challenges MSC are still facing.
#2Alvin Tieu(Ottawa Hospital Research Institute)H-Index: 3
Last. Dylan Burger(Ottawa Hospital Research Institute)H-Index: 27
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: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising form of regenerative therapy and immune modulation. Fundamental advances in our understanding of MSCs and EVs have allowed these fields to merge and create potential cell-free therapy options that are cell-based. EVs contain active cargo including proteins, microRNA, and mRNA species that can impact signaling responses in target cells to modify inflammatory and repair responses. Increasing nu...
#2Guotian Luo(École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort)H-Index: 6
Last. Hervé Petite(École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort)H-Index: 32
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: In tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, stem cell-specifically, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs)-therapies have fallen short of their initial promise and hype. The observed marginal, to no benefit, success in several applications has been attributed primarily to poor cell survival and engraftment at transplantation sites. MSCs have a metabolism that is flexible enough to enable them to fulfill their various cellular functions and remarkably sensitive to different cellular and env...
: Despite alternatives to autogenous bone graft for spinal fusion have been investigated, it has been shown that osteoconductive materials alone do not give a rate of fusion comparable with autogenous bone. This study analyzed a strontium substituted s-tricalcium phosphate (Sr-sTCP) associated with syngeneic, unexpanded, and undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow (BMSC) or adipose tissue (ADSC) as a new tissue engineering approach for spinal fusion procedures. A posterolateral ...
: Rapid advances in the isolation of multipotent progenitor cells, routinely called mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), from various human tissues and organs have provided impetus to the field of cell therapy and regenerative medicine. The most widely studied sources of MSCs include bone marrow, adipose, muscle, peripheral blood, umbilical cord, placenta, fetal tissue, and amniotic fluid. According to the standard definition of MSCs, these clonal cells adhere to plastic, express cluster of di...
: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are proposed to be useful in cartilage regenerative medicine, however, canine MSCs have been reported to show poor chondrogenic capacity. Therefore, optimal conditions for chondrogenic differentiation should be determined by mimicking the developmental process. We have previously established novel and superior canine MSCs named bone marrow peri-adipocyte cells (BM-PACs) and the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of growth factors required for in v...
Last. Takahiro Ochiya(TMU: Tokyo Medical University)H-Index: 45
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Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) exist in almost all tissues, possessing the potential to differentiate into specialized cell types and exert immunomodulatory functions. Thus, they have attracted much attention as a promising therapeutic candidate. Recent studies have demonstrated that paracrine signaling is mainly responsible for the involvement of MSCs in the modulation of immune responses and the progression of diseases. Through release of secretome consisting of a diverse range of cytok...
#1Kentaro Endo(UTokyo: University of Tokyo)H-Index: 5
#1EndoKentaro(UTokyo: University of Tokyo)H-Index: 2
Last. NishimuraRyohei(UTokyo: University of Tokyo)H-Index: 2
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Damaged articular cartilage has limited healing capacity due to the lack of blood supply. Tissue engineering using the chondrogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising approac...
Conventional treatments of osteoarthritis (OA) reduce pain and the inflammatory response but do not repair the damaged cartilage. Xenogeneic peripheral blood-derived equine chondrogenically induced mesenchymal stem cells (ciMSC) could thus provide an interesting alternative. Six client-owned dogs with confirmed elbow OA were subjected to a baseline orthopedic examination, pressure plate analysis, general clinical examination, hematological analysis, synovial fluid sampling, and radiographic exam...
#1Joris A van Dongen(UMCG: University Medical Center Groningen)H-Index: 8
#2Vasilena E Getova(UMCG: University Medical Center Groningen)H-Index: 2
Last. Martin C. Harmsen(UMCG: University Medical Center Groningen)H-Index: 40
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INTRODUCTION: Fat grafting is an established clinical intervention to promote tissue repair. The role of the fat's extracellular matrix (ECM) in regeneration is largely neglected. We investigated in vitro the use of human adipose tissue-derived ECM hydrogels as release platform for factors secreted by adipose derived stromal cells (ASC) MATERIAL & METHODS: Lipoaspirates from non-diabetic and diabetic donors were decellularized. Finely powdered acellular ECM was evaluated for cell remainders and ...
Dynamic culture protocols have recently emerged as part of (bone) tissue engineering strategies due to their ability to represent a more physiological cell environment in vitro. Here, we described how a perfusion flow induced by a simple bioreactor system improves proliferation and osteogenic commitment of human bone marrow stromal cells. L88/5 cells were cultured in poly(methyl methacrylate) custom-milled communicating well plates, in the presence of an osteogenic cocktail containing 1α,25-dihy...
#1Li-Tzu Wang(NTU: National Taiwan University)H-Index: 2
#2Yu-Wei Lee(NHRI: National Health Research Institutes)H-Index: 3
Last. Men-Luh Yen(NTU: National Taiwan University)H-Index: 27
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The rapid aging of worldwide populations had led to epidemic increases in the incidence of osteoporosis (OP), but while treatments are available, high cost, adverse effects, and poor compliance continue to be significant problems. Naturally occurring plant-based compounds including phytoestrogens can be good and safe candidates to treat OP, but screening for osteogenic capacity has been difficult to achieve, largely due to the requirement of using primary osteoblasts or mesenchymal stem cells (M...
Abstract Nano-tricalcium phosphate (n-TCP) is an osteoconductive substance which, like polycaprolactone (PCL), has been used for clinical purposes for many years; It has now been licensed for a range of products for clinical and medication distribution. This research aimed to examine the effects of platelet-rich plasma on mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Thus, we decided to examine the in vitro and in vivo actions of PRP-treated porous biocomposite scaffolds ba...
#1B. Linju Yen(NHRI: National Health Research Institutes)H-Index: 19
#2Hsiao-Lin Hwa(NTU: National Taiwan University)H-Index: 18
Last. Men-Luh Yen(NTU: National Taiwan University)H-Index: 27
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Multipotent human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) harbor clinically relevant immunomodulation, and HLA-G, a non-classical MHC class I molecule with highly restricted tissue expression, is one important molecule involved in these processes. Understanding of the natural regulatory mechanisms involved in expression of this elusive molecule has been difficult, with near exclusive reliance on cancer cell lines. We therefore studied the transcriptional control of HLA-G in primary isolated human bone mar...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are the main paracrine components of stem cells, mimic the regenerative capacity of these cells. Stem cell-derived EVs (SC-EVs) have been used for the treatment of various forms of tissue injury in preclinical trials through maintenance of their stemness, induction of regenerative phenotypes, apoptosis inhibition, and immune regulation. The efficiency of SC-EVs may be enhanced by selecting the appropriate EV-producing cells and cell phenotypes, optimizing cell...
Stem cell therapy (SCT), born as therapeutic revolution to replace pharmacological treatments, remains a hope and not yet an effective solution. Accordingly, stem cells cannot be conceivable as a “canonical” drug, because of their unique biological properties. A new reorientation in this field is emerging, based on a better understanding of stem cell biology and use of cutting-edge technologies and innovative disciplines. This will permit to solve the gaps, failures, and long-term needs, such as...
: Despite alternatives to autogenous bone graft for spinal fusion have been investigated, it has been shown that osteoconductive materials alone do not give a rate of fusion comparable with autogenous bone. This study analyzed a strontium substituted s-tricalcium phosphate (Sr-sTCP) associated with syngeneic, unexpanded, and undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow (BMSC) or adipose tissue (ADSC) as a new tissue engineering approach for spinal fusion procedures. A posterolateral ...
Dynamic culture protocols have recently emerged as part of (bone) tissue engineering strategies due to their ability to represent a more physiological cell environment in vitro. Here, we described how a perfusion flow induced by a simple bioreactor system improves proliferation and osteogenic commitment of human bone marrow stromal cells. L88/5 cells were cultured in poly(methyl methacrylate) custom-milled communicating well plates, in the presence of an osteogenic cocktail containing 1α,25-dihy...
The original article [1] contained a minor error regarding the mean diameter of the alginate microcapsules described in relation to Fig. 4 in the Results section. The microcapsules had an actual mean diameter of 3000 μm instead of 1000 μm as mistakenly mentioned in the original article.