Systemic Treatment of Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma in 2018: Current Paradigms, Use of Immunotherapy, and Future Directions

Systemic therapy for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC) has greatly evolved over the last 15 yr. More recently, combination strategies involving contemporary immunotherapy have emerged as key opportunities to further shift the treatment landscape. To review the evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of standard therapeutic options in mccRCC as well as combination immunotherapy options on the horizon. PubMed/Medline, Embase,...