In recent decades neoadjuvant therapies such as combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy have been introduced for cancer management. Compared with monotherapy modalities, neoadjuvant therapy is associated with greater effectiveness while having minor side effects. Docetaxel is a chemotherapy agent for breast cancer treatment which can blocks the cell cycle at the G2/M phase which has shown special sensitivity to the ionizing radiation and hence causes cell death. To the best of our knowledge, there are currently no reports that explore the synergistic effects of Docetaxel and ionizing radiation on MCF-7 cancer cell death. We divided cells into four different groups; control, cells which got in touch with Docetaxel, cells that with exposure to radiotherapy and cells which were influenced with combination of Docetaxel and radiotherapy. In vitro cell viability tests were done at different concentration of Docetaxel and different dose of radiation for 24, 48 and 72 h after the experiment. Results showed that the cytotoxicity was depending on the doses of radiation and Docetaxel. Radiation at 2 Gy dose was unable to produce significant effects neither in the radiation-only nor in the neoadjuvant therapy groups. However, the synergistic effects of neoadjuvant therapy were apparent at 4 and 6 Gy doses of radiation which could exert more significant cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 cells. Study findings suggest that neoadjuvant therapy by using Docetaxel and 4 and 6 Gy ionizing radiation has synergistic effects on MCF-7 cell death and produces more significant results compared with monotherapy modalities.
Abstract Neoadjuvant therapy is very often an adequate alternative to adjuvant therapy. This review is summarizing the recent advances made in the area of neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer. The focus will lie on recently published clinical trials but will not further highlight surgical, imaging and radiooncological issues related to neoadjuvant therapy. Recent findings Within the last 1–1.5 years it has been discussed if neoadjuvant treatment can be used as faster way to get access to new the...
#1Omar S. Desouky(Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority)H-Index: 9
#1Omar Desouky(Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority)H-Index: 3
Last. Guangming Zhou(CAS: Chinese Academy of Sciences)H-Index: 2
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Abstract For a long time it was generally accepted that effects of ionizing radiation such as cell death, chromosomal aberrations, DNA damage, mutagenesis, and carcinogenesis result from direct ionization of cell structures, particularly DNA, or from indirect damage through reactive oxygen species produced by radiolysis of water, and these biological effects were attributed to irreparable or misrepaired DNA damage in cells directly hit by radiation. Using linear non-threshold model (LNT), possib...
#1Chao Qi(CAS: Chinese Academy of Sciences)H-Index: 30
#2Ying-Jie Zhu(CAS: Chinese Academy of Sciences)H-Index: 81
Last. Feng Chen(CAS: Chinese Academy of Sciences)H-Index: 55
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: Highly stable amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) porous nanospheres with a relatively uniform size and an average pore diameter of about 10 nm have been synthesized by using a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method with adenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium salt (ATP) as the phosphorus source and stabilizer. The as-prepared ACP porous nanospheres have a high stability in the phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution for more than 150 h without phase transformation to hydroxyapatite, and the morpholog...
An In Vitro study was conducted to investigate docetaxel as a radiation sensitizer in four canine (mammary carcinoma—CMT12 and CMT25, osteosarcoma—OS2.4, and transitional cell carcinoma—PTCC), and one feline cancer cell line (oral squamous cell carcinoma—SCCF1) to provide a basis for combination therapy in clinical patients. Cells were exposed to docetaxel followed by a single dose of radiation. The percent surviving fraction was determined by MTT assay. The combination index (CI) method determi...
: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is more sensitive to radiation and chemotherapy than other cancers of the digestive system, and combined modality therapy may represent a promising treatment method. The radiation-sensitizing effect of docetaxel on ESCC cell lines was investigated. A colony formation assay was performed in which ESCC cell lines (TE2, TE3) and A431 were exposed to docetaxel (from 1.0×10(-11) to 10(-7) M) for 3 h to determine the concentration of docetaxel that was not a...
#1Atieh Akbari(Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services)H-Index: 6
#2Zahra Razzaghi(Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services)H-Index: 7
Last. Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari(Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services)H-Index: 53
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Background Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer in Iranian women and the fifth most common cause of cancer-related death in Iran. Among predicting factors and preventive measures for BC, the parity and breastfeeding (BF) are controversial issues. We therefore conducted this case–control study to find out the relation of parity and BF to incidence and risk of BC.
Abstract Background and purpose: Radiotherapy is used for the treatment of malignant tumours, and may be usedas the primary therapy. It is also common to combine radiotherapy with surgery, chemotherapy, hormonetherapy or some combination of them. Even if the tumour is treated intensively, women diagnosed withbreast cancer may develop a recurrence. Most recurrences may be in the form of distant metastases,development of multi-drug resistance phenotype or both together. This study demonstrated tha...
Biological effects of radiation are manifest over timescales extending to years. However, many chemical events are complete in milliseconds; after this time, adding oxygen to irradiated hypoxic cells no longer enhances radiosensitivity. This does not mean that damage pathways cannot be modified; the potential gain from chemical modulation of early events is as large as any associated with later pathways, and the prognostic importance of variations in levels of small molecules active in fast free...
Last. Amanda McCann(UCD: University College Dublin)H-Index: 30
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The taxanes, paclitaxel and docetaxel are microtubule-stabilizing agents that function primarily by interfering with spindle microtubule dynamics causing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. However, the mechanisms underlying their action have yet to be fully elucidated. These agents have become widely recognized as active chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer and early-stage breast cancer with benefits gained in terms of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival...
As the relation between reproductive factors and breast cancer risk has not been systematically studied in indigenous women of subSaharan Africa, we examined this in a case–control study in Nigeria. In-person interviews were conducted using structured questionnaires to collect detailed reproductive history in 819 breast cancer cases and 569 community controls between 1998 and 2006. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Compared with women w...
About half of cancer patients (50%) receive radiotherapy (RT) for the treatment of local tumors. However, one of the main obstacles in RT is the close proximity of adjacent organs at risk, resulting in treatment doses being limited by significant tissue toxicity, hence preventing the necessary dose escalation that would guarantee local control. Effective local cancer therapy is needed to avoid progression of tumors and to decrease the development of systemic metastases which may further increase...
Objective:One of the major issues in current radiotherapy (RT) is the normal tissue toxicity. A smart combination of agents within the tumor would allow lowering the RT dose required while minimizi...
Different chemical and nanomaterial agents have been introduced for radiosensitizing purposes. However, many researchers believe these agents are far away from clinical application due to side effects and limited knowledge about their behavior in the human body. In this study, C-phycocyanin (C-PC) was used as a natural radiosensitizer for enhancement of radiation therapy (RT) efficacy. C-PC treatment’s effect on the COX-2 expression of cancer cells was investigated by flow cytometry, western blo...
#1Ahmad Shanei(IUMS: Isfahan University of Medical Sciences)H-Index: 8
#2Hadi Akbari-Zadeh(IUMS: Isfahan University of Medical Sciences)H-Index: 2
BACKGROUND: In this article, we estimated the combined effect of radiotherapy (RT) with ultrasound (US) wave and the ability of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) to improve their combined therapeutic effects. METHODS: At first, HeLa cells received the various treatment modalities: RT (6 MV; 0.5, 1, and 2 Gy), US irradiation (1 MHz; 0.5, 1, and 1.5 W/cm², 1 minute), and RT+US. Afterwards, the enhanced effect of US on RT was evaluated. Then, the effect of the synthesized GNPs at different concentrations (...