This study examined 148 adolescents' use of self-regulated learning (SRL) processes when learning about the circulatory system using hypermedia. We examined participants' verbal protocols to determine the relationship between SRL processes and qualitative shifts in students' mental models from pretest to posttest. Results indicated that participants who exhibited a qualitative shift displayed differential use of six SRL processes, including metacognitive monitoring activities, learning strategies, and indications of task difficulty. We propose that these SRL processes can account for the participants' shift in mental model. Implications for the design of hypermedia learning environments are presented, including substantive recommendations for the use of trace logs and scaffolding to promote self-regulated learning with hypermedia.
The multidisciplinary study of complex systems in the physical and social sciences over the past quarter of a century has led to the articulation of important new conceptual perspectives and methodologies that are of value both to researchers in these fields as well as to professionals, policymakers, and citizens who must deal with challenging social and global problems in the 21st century. The main goals of this article are to (a) argue for the importance of learning these ideas at the precolle...
Complex systems have a hierarchical nature and have multiple interacting levels (Wilensky & Resnick, 1999). In complex systems, the aggregate nature of the system is not predictable from isolated components but occurs through the interaction of multiple components. For example, the human body is composed of multiple sub systems and may be understood anatomically and physiologically. Only with experi ence and expertise do we come to understand how different levels of a complex sys tem are related...
Research shows that learners of all ages have difficulties deploying key cognitive and metacognitive self-regulatory skills during learning about complex and challenging topics when using open-ended learning environments such as hypermedia. This article provides an overview of the research my students and I have conducted on how the use of self-regulated learning can foster and enhance students' learning about complex science topics using hypermedia. In this article, the term metacognitive tool ...
Last. Jeffrey A. Greene(UMD: University of Maryland, College Park)H-Index: 32
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This study examines the effectiveness of three scaffolding conditions on adolescents’ learning about the circulatory system with a hypermedia learning environment. One hundred and eleven adolescents (n = 111) were randomly assigned to one of three scaffolding conditions (adaptive scaffolding (AS), fixed scaffolding (FS), or no scaffolding (NS)) and were trained to use a hypermedia environment to learn about the circulatory system. Pretest and posttest data were collected to measure the qualitati...
This article provides an overview of our work on the nature of metacognitive knowledge, its relationship to learning through inquiry, and technologies that can be used to foster and assess its development in classrooms as students engage in collaborative inquiry. To illustrate our theoretical ideas, we present examples from our Inquiry Island software. It provides learners with advisors, who contain knowledge, advice, and tools aimed at supporting students' metacognitive development in the conte...
#2Meilan Zhang(UM: University of Michigan)H-Index: 12
Last. Joseph Krajcik(UM: University of Michigan)H-Index: 82
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Major educational policy groups call on learners to engage in inquiry-based activities. With a growing amount of information now available online, there is an increased focus on online inquiry where learners ask research questions; search digital libraries and other information sources; and read, assess, and synthesize that information. Metacognitive skills are important for engaging in complex practices like online inquiry, but those skills are weak in novice learners. In this article, we propo...
By activating self-regulation processes, prompts affect strategy use and learning outcomes. This study investigates the effects of cognitive and metacognitive prompts on strategy use and learning outcomes. Since enactive self-regulation processes represent the basis for self-efficacy judgements, we also investigated the effects of cognitive and metacognitive prompts on the development of learners’ self-efficacy. Alternatively, based on the concept of aptitude-treatment interactions, it is propos...
Competent use of the Internet to locate information is an important skill for today’s youth. Yet, many lack the knowledge and dispositions to engage in the processes necessary to effectively and efficiently find information on the Internet. As a result, various countries have incorporated references to the processes of online inquiry within their educational standards. Despite similarities in these standards, however, international comparisons are rare and have not produced insights into broader...
#1Wonjoon Hong(UNLV: University of Nevada, Las Vegas)H-Index: 4
#2Matthew Bernacki(UNC: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)H-Index: 1
Last. Harsha N. Perera(UNLV: University of Nevada, Las Vegas)H-Index: 16
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Achievement motivation theories propose that student motivation is composed of multiple factors. Models of self-regulated learning adopt this assumption and further articulate that multiple metacognitive processes—planning, monitoring learning, and self-evaluation—are essential to guide progress toward a learning goal. Learners’ motivations are theorized to influence these metacognitive processes, which in turn influence learning outcomes. Latent profile analyses (LPA) enable a person-centered a...
Das vorliegende Kapitel gibt einen Uberblick uber selbstreguliertes Lernen und dessen Bedeutung in Bezug auf technologiebasierte Bildungsmedien. Es wird dargelegt, dass selbstreguliertes Lernen die effektive Nutzung technologiebasierter Bildungsmedien unterstutzen kann, da der Lernende die Anforderungen durch die Anwendung geeigneter kognitiver, metakognitiver und motivationaler Lernstrategien systematisieren und strukturieren kann. Daruber hinaus wird erlautert, wie technologiebasierte Bildungs...
Personalized learning environments have the potential to improve learning outcomes for children in a variety of educational domains, as they can tailor instruction based on the unique learning needs of individuals. Robot tutoring systems can further engage users by leveraging their potential for embodied social interaction and take into account crucial aspects of a learner, such as a student’s motivation in learning. In this article, we demonstrate that motivation in young learners corresponds t...
Abstract Learning with prompts activates self-regulation processes often resulting in increased learning performance. As experiences of self-regulation and learning success are sources of self-efficacy, the study investigated whether prompts affect learning performance over two learning sessions and examines whether prompts affect learners' self-efficacy perceptions within and across these sessions. N = 52 students learned twice for 30 min in a hypermedia either receiving prompts or learning wit...
Abstract There has been a significant rise in the use of computers and electronic devices for reading in both personal and educational settings. Work on the effects of presentation modality on reading performance and self-evaluation has explored these issues with adults (e.g., Ackerman & Goldsmith, 2011; Ackerman & Lauterman, 2012; Singer & Alexander, 2016) and with adolescents (e.g., Mangen, Walgermo, & Bronnick, 2013; Rasmusson, 2014). Less is known about how children's reading preferences, pe...
The growth of social networking has made it possible to define new applications for this tool especially in learning, including formal, informal, and tacit education (visual, auditory and written). The purpose of this study was to explain the impact of the use of Eitaa social network on the environmental attitude of students in three cognitive, emotional and behavioral areas. The present study is the type of applied researches which regarding the purpose, and regarding the data collection tool, ...
#2Petri Nokelainen(TUT: Tampere University of Technology)H-Index: 18
Adolescents need skills to acquire information and compare, analyze, transform, and experiment with knowledge. However, little research has been conducted on the content and pedagogical practices that are necessary to achieve these skills. This article seeks to contribute to this discussion because geography enables the attainment of the so-called higher-order thinking skills, and the progressive inquiry model provides suitable pedagogical practices. This study provides empirical evidence on the...
#1Victor M. Deekens(UNC: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)H-Index: 5
#2Jeffrey A. Greene(UNC: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)H-Index: 32
Last. Nikki G. Lobczowski(UNC: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)H-Index: 4
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Background Self-regulated learning (SRL) models position metacognitive monitoring as central to SRL processing and predictive of student learning outcomes (Winne & Hadwin, 2008; Zimmerman, 2000). A body of research evidence also indicates that depth of strategy use, ranging from surface to deep processing, is predictive of learning performance. Aims In this study, we investigated the relationships among the frequency of metacognitive monitoring and the utilization of deep and surface-level strat...