Abstract The design and fabrication of porous scaffold remains a major challenge in bone tissue engineering. Hierarchical microporous and macroporous structures in scaffold contribute different biological functions to tissue regeneration. This study introduced an integrated manufacturing method to fabricate hierarchical porous polymer scaffolds. Firstly, polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds with 100–800 μm macropores were fabricated by applying fused deposition modeling (FDM) techniques. Then, 1–10 μm micropores were generated in scaffolds through gas foaming. This combined technique avoids the disadvantages of pure 3DP or gas foaming technology and elicits positive cooperative effects to fabricate hierarchical porous scaffolds. The design of porosity in scaffold could offer innovative opportunities to control cell performance within 3D microenvironments.
#1George Huyang(NIST: National Institute of Standards and Technology)H-Index: 4
#2Anne E. Debertin(NIST: National Institute of Standards and Technology)H-Index: 1
Last. Jirun Sun(NIST: National Institute of Standards and Technology)H-Index: 17
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Abstract The purpose of this project is to design and develop a clinically applicable self-healing dental composite (SHDC). The value of resin-based dental restorations could be improved by increasing their service lives. One way to improve longevity is to obturate micro-cracks that form during or after the composite hardens in the dental cavity. Toward this end, we introduce here a new type of SHDC made with contemporary dental components plus two additional ingredients: a healing powder (HP, s...
Last. Ting Wang(SJTU: Shanghai Jiao Tong University)H-Index: 2
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We previously demonstrated that three-dimensional (3D) hydroxyapatite (HAP)-collagen (COL)-coated poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds (HAP-COL-PCL) possess appropriate nano-structures, surface roughness, and nutrients, providing a favorable environment for osteogenesis. However, the effect of using 3D HAP-COL-PCL scaffolds incorporating BMSCs for the repair of bone defects in rats has been not evaluated. 3D PCL scaffolds coated with HAP, collagen or HAP/COL and incorporating BMSCs were implante...
Last. Xiumei Wang(THU: Tsinghua University)H-Index: 26
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To study the effect of two composition ratios of nano-hydroxyapatite and collagen (NHAC) composites on repairing alveolar bone defect of dogs. Eighteen healthy adult dogs were randomly divided into three groups. Two kinds of the NHAC composites were prepared according to the constituent ratios of 3:7 and 5:5; immediately after extraction of the mandibular second premolars, each kind of the NHAC composite was implanted into extraction socket, respectively: Group I, nHA/Col = 3:7; Group II, nHA/Co...
Abstract Since various interactions among cells, surrounding tissues and implanted biomaterials always occur at their interfaces, the surface properties of potential implants appear to be of paramount importance for the clinical success. In view of the fact that a limited amount of materials appear to be tolerated by living organisms, a special discipline called surface engineering was developed to initiate the desirable changes to the exterior properties of various materials but still maintaini...
#1Yinglan Zhu(Southern Medical University)H-Index: 1
#2Ruiqiao Zhu(Southern Medical University)H-Index: 1
Last. Lei Jin(Fourth Military Medical University)H-Index: 1
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Abstract The selection of scaffold materials and the optimization of scaffold morphological and mechanical properties are critical for successful bone tissue engineering. We fabricated porous scaffolds of nano-sized zirconia using a replication technique. The study aimed to explore the relationship between porosity, pore size, mechanical strength, cell adhesion, and cell proliferation in the zirconia scaffolds. Macro- and micro-structures and compressive strength were comparatively tested. Beagl...
The state-of-the-art on calcium orthophosphate (CaPO4)-containing biocomposites and hybrid biomaterials suitable for biomedical applications is presented. Since these types of biomaterials offer many significant and exciting possibilities for hard tissue regeneration, this subject belongs to a rapidly expanding area of biomedical research. Through the successful combinations of the desired properties of matrix materials with those of fillers (in such systems, CaPO4 might play either role), innov...
#1Xingchuan Xia(HEBUT: Hebei University of Technology)H-Index: 9
#2Feng Junlong(HEBUT: Hebei University of Technology)H-Index: 1
Last. Bo-Young Hur(Gyeongsang National University)H-Index: 9
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Abstract Closed-cell AZ31 magnesium alloy foams with different percentages of hollow ceramic microspheres (CMs) are synthesized using modified melt foaming method. The distribution of CMs is investigated and also the effect of CMs on the foaming behaviors (specifically for porosity and pore size) and quasi-static compressive behaviors of Mg-based composite foams are characterized. The results show that CMs distribute in cell walls homogeneously and most of them are penetrated by magnesium alloy ...
Abstract Skeletal muscles have a robust capacity to regenerate, but under compromised conditions, such as severe trauma, the loss of muscle functionality is inevitable. Research carried out in the field of skeletal muscle tissue engineering has elucidated multiple intrinsic mechanisms of skeletal muscle repair, and has thus sought to identify various types of cells and bioactive factors which play an important role during regeneration. In order to maximize the potential therapeutic effects of ce...
Last. Guo He(SJTU: Shanghai Jiao Tong University)H-Index: 25
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Abstract A kind of graded porous titanium–magnesium (Ti–Mg) composite, i.e., about 1–1.5 mm thick porous Ti layer is wrapped over the internal dense Ti–Mg composite, has been successfully fabricated by infiltration casting and acid etching. The outer porous Ti layer maintains its initial entangled structure, which can be easily adjusted to the ideal porosity and the porous structure. The thickness of the porous layer can be controlled by etching time. When the outer porous layer accounted for 41...
Abstract A systematic characterisation of bone tissue scaffolds fabricated via 3D printing from hydroxyapatite (HA) and poly(vinyl)alcohol (PVOH) composite powders is presented. Flowability of HA:PVOH precursor materials was observed to affect mechanical stability, microstructure and porosity of 3D printed scaffolds. Anisotropic behaviour of constructs and part failure at the boundaries of interlayer bonds was highlighted by compressive strength testing. A trade-off between the ability to facili...
Last. Abhishek Gandhi(School for Advanced Research)H-Index: 6
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The lightweight products with superior specific strength are in great demand in numerous applications such as automotive, aerospace, biomedical, sports, etc. This work focussed on the manufacturing...
#2Jin Young Kim(SNU: Seoul National University)H-Index: 85
Last. Hyun-Do Jung(Catholic University of Korea)H-Index: 20
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Abstract For hard tissue engineering applications, biodegradable composite scaffolds have been extensively investigated because of their satisfactory mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Recently, 3D printing processes have received substantial attention in the tissue engineering field because of their ability to be customized for tissues that have suffered different types of loss or damage for each patient. However, previous studies on material extrusion-based techniques lack flexibility...
A combination technique of fused deposition modeling (FDM) and batch foaming is introduced as a novel technique to fabricate tissue-engineered scaffolds. Three scenarios are implemented to fabricate porous scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. The dimensional accuracy, porosity, and pore size of samples are compared in three scenarios. The first scenario includes solid samples produced by FDM 3D printing at different infill percentages. The findings revealed that the porosity of solid F...
Porous structural materials are widely adopted in medical field owing to their excellent mechanical and physical properties. The 3D printing technology offers new opportunities for the preparation of porous structures. However, during 3D printing of porous structure, continuous rapid heating and cooling cycles lead to residual stress. Severe quality defects including cracks, warpage, and deformation caused by the residual stress have remained to be a problem. In this study, a development model o...
Last. Wenguo Cui(SJTU: Shanghai Jiao Tong University)H-Index: 51
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Abstract Despite its complexity, the human body is composed of only four basic tissue types, namely epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissues. Notably, each tissue is an assemblage of similarly functional cells united in performing a specific function. Instead of mimicking functionality mechanically, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting based on histological categories is a strategy designed with multiple materials and techniques, which is a versatile technology able to form functional ...
Abstract This work provides a novel approach to manufacture hierarchical porous parts via an in-situ foaming fused deposition modeling (FDM) method. The cell nucleation, growth, and stabilization occurred as the CO2-saturated polyetherimide (PEI) filament was heated, and the layer-by-layer deposition of porous strands was controlled by a planned path. The microporous structure with cell size of 2–30 μ m and cell density of 1010−11 cells/cm3 was generated inside and on the surface of the porous P...