Neuroglobin and Estrogen Receptors: A New Pathway of Cell Survival and Cell Death Balance

17β-estradiol (E2) plays a crucial role in the maintenance of body homeostasis including the balance between cell survival and apoptosis. Intriguingly, estrogen receptor subtypes (i.e., ERα and ERβ) trigger opposite pathways which drive E2 target cells to proliferation (via ERα) or apoptosis (via ERβ). Recently, we identified neuroglobin (NGB) as an E2 inducible heme-protein involved in hormone regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis in...