Regulation of GNRH production by estrogen and bone morphogenetic proteins in GT1-7 hypothalamic cells

Recent studies have shown that bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are important regulators in the pituitary–gonadal endocrine axis. We here investigated the effects of BMPs on GNRH production controlled by estrogen using murine GT1-7 hypothalamic neuron cells. GT1-7 cells expressed estrogen receptor α (ERα; ESR1 as listed in MGI Database), ERβ (ESR2 as listed in MGI Database), BMP receptors, SMADs, and a binding protein follistatin. Treatment...