Rural Outshopping in Australia: The Bathurst‐Orange Region

Net retail trade flow and outshopping specifically have been examined from a variety of different aspects. All earlier works used some “adjusted” income data to determine total retail expenditures; however, these expenditures were not adjusted according to spending behaviour of the various income groups. This particular study determines net effect of outshopping and inshopping levels based on retail expenditures which are calculated for each...