Proper sizing of interventional devices to match coronary vessel dimensions improves procedural efficiency and therapeutic outcomes. We have developed a method that uses an inverse geometry x-ray fluoroscopy system [scanning beam digital x-ray (SBDX)] to automatically determine vessel dimensions from angiograms without the need for magnification calibration or optimal views. For each frame period (1/15th of a second), SBDX acquires a sequence of narrow beam projections and performs digital tomosynthesis at multiple plane positions. A three-dimensional model of the vessel is reconstructed by localizing the depth of the vessel edges from the tomosynthesis images, and the model is used to calculate the length and diameter in units of millimeters. The in vivo algorithm performance was evaluated in a healthy porcine model by comparing end-diastolic length and diameter measurements from SBDX to coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), respectively. The length error was − 0.49 ± 1.76 mm (SBDX – CCTA, mean ± 1 SD ). The diameter error was 0.07 ± 0.27 mm (SBDX − minimum IVUS diameter, mean ± 1 SD ). The in vivo agreement between SBDX-based vessel sizing and gold standard techniques supports the feasibility of calibration-free coronary vessel sizing using inverse geometry x-ray fluoroscopy.
The beam hardening (BH) effect can influence medical interpretations in two notable ways. First, high attenuation materials, such as bones, can induce strong artifacts, which severely deteriorate the image quality. Second, voxel values can significantly deviate from the real values, which can lead to unreliable quantitative evaluation results. Some iterative methods have been proposed to eliminate the BH effect, but they cannot be widely applied for clinical practice because of the slow computat...
Purpose: In quantitative myocardial CT perfusion imaging, beam hardening effect due to dense bone and high concentration iodinated contrast agent can result in visible artifacts and inaccurate CT numbers. In this paper, an efficient polyenergetic Simultaneous Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (pSART) was presented to eliminate the beam hardening artifacts and to improve the CT quantitative imaging ability. Methods: Our algorithm made threea priori assumptions: (1) the human body is composed of ...
Last. Michael A. Speidel(UW: University of Wisconsin-Madison)H-Index: 11
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Scanning Beam Digital X-ray (SBDX) is a low-dose inverse geometry fluoroscopic system for cardiac interventional procedures. The system performs x-ray tomosynthesis at multiple planes in each frame period and combines the tomosynthetic images into a projection-like composite image for fluoroscopic display. We present a novel method of stereoscopic imaging using SBDX, in which two slightly offset projection-like images are reconstructed from the same scan data by utilizing raw data from two diffe...
Objective: To investigate the accuracy of stent measurements using coronary x-ray angiograms with a computer based stent enhancement algorithm applied (StentBoost, SB). To derive recommendations for best practice when using such systems. Background: Computer enhancement algorithms allow better visualization of intracoronary stents to assist in ensuring adequate stent deployment. Factors that affect the accuracy of measurements taken on such systems are yet to be fully understood. Methods: We ana...
#1Jin Bae Lee(DCU: Catholic University of Daegu)H-Index: 9
#2Sung Gug Chang(DCU: Catholic University of Daegu)H-Index: 6
Last. Jae Sik Park(KNU: Kyungpook National University)H-Index: 1
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The aim of the study was to assess the accuracy of the three-dimensional (3D) quantitative coronary analysis (QCA) system by comparing with that of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) QCA and two-dimensional (2D) QCA. 3D QCA, 2D QCA and IVUS QCA were performed in 45 vessel segments. The obtained values for the branch to branch segment vessel length and the proximal part of the segment vessel’s lumen diameter were measured. Inter-technique agreement was analyzed using paired sample t-test and Bland–A...
Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) provides valuable information on the coronary vascular lumen and wall and has been an important tool in the cardiac catheterization laboratory for over 2 decades. The major utility of IVUS relates to optimizing stent deployment, particularly in complex lesions. In percutaneous coronary intervention with bare-metal stents, IVUS guidance reduces restenosis. In percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents, IVUS guidance may reduce rates of stent thromb...
Purpose: Quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) can be used to support device size selection for cardiovascular interventions. The accuracy of QCA measurements using conventional x-ray fluoroscopy depends on proper calibration using a reference object and avoiding vessel foreshortening. The authors have developed a novel interventional device sizing method using the inverse geometry scanning-beam digital x-ray (SBDX) fluoroscopy system. The proposed method can measure the diameter and length of...
Objectives We compared the angiographic and long-term clinical outcomes of patients with and without overlap of drug-eluting stents (DES). Background DES overlap has been associated with delayed healing and increased inflammation in experimental studies, but its impact on clinical outcome is not well established. Methods We analyzed the angiographic and clinical outcomes of 1,012 patients treated with DES in the SIRTAX (Sirolimus-Eluting Versus Paclitaxel-Eluting Stents for Coronary Revasculariz...
Objectives Our aim was to study the relationships between total stent length (TSL) and long-term clinical outcomes after sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) implantation. Background SES compared with bare-metal stent use for long lesion treatment is associated with reduced restenosis rates. Methods Three-year follow-up data were available for 10,773 patients (14,651 lesions) that had been treated with only SES (Cypher, Cordis Corp., Warren, New Jersey) in the j-Cypher registry. Patients and lesions we...
Purpose: The authors develop a practical, iterative algorithm for image-reconstruction in undersampled tomographic systems, such as digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT). Methods: The algorithm controls image regularity by minimizing the image total p variation (TpV), a function that reduces to the total variation when p=1.0 or the image roughness whenp=2.0. Constraints on the image, such as image positivity and estimated projection-data tolerance, are enforced by projection onto convex sets. The f...
Abstract null null Replacing moving mechanics in computed tomography (CT) and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) has inspired numerous projects to develop alternative X-ray sources. While less suitable for CT, DBT is a viable target application for the multi-X-ray-source array tube suggested in Becker, A.E., et al. (2020): A prototype Multi-X-ray-source array (MXA) for digital breast tomosynthesis. Physics in Medicine & Biology, 65(23), 235033. The proposed prototype MXA tube comprises rotating ...
Last. David A. Prida(UF: University of Florida)H-Index: 1
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Purpose Detailed characterization of changes in vessel size is crucial for the diagnosis and management of a variety of vascular diseases. Because clinical measurement of vessel size is typically dependent on the radiologist's subjective interpretation of the vessel borders, it is often prone to high inter- and intra-user variability. Automatic methods of vessel sizing have been developed for two-dimensional images but a fully three-dimensional (3D) method suitable for vessel sizing from volumet...
Last. Michael A. Speidel(UW: University of Wisconsin-Madison)H-Index: 11
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Accurate and artifact-free reconstruction of tomographic images requires precise knowledge of the imaging system geometry. A projection matrix-based calibration method to enable C-arm inverse geometry CT (IGCT) is proposed. The method is evaluated for scanning-beam digital x-ray (SBDX), a C-arm mounted inverse geometry fluoroscopic technology. A helical configuration of fiducials is imaged at each gantry angle in a rotational acquisition. For each gantry angle, digital tomosynthesis is performed...
The segmentation and tracking of coronary arteries (CAs) are critical steps for the computation of biophysical measurements in pediatric interventional cardiology. In the literature, most methods are focused on either segmenting the vessel lumen or on tracking the vessel centerline. However, they do not simultaneously combine the segmentation and tracking of a specific CA. This paper introduces a novel algorithm for CA segmentation and tracking from 2D X-ray angiography sequences. The proposed a...
Last. Michael A. Speidel(UW: University of Wisconsin-Madison)H-Index: 11
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Accurate and artifact free reconstruction of tomographic images requires precise knowledge of the imaging system geometry. This work proposes a novel projection matrix (P-matrix) based calibration method to enable C-arm inverse geometry CT (IGCT). The method is evaluated for scanning-beam digital x-ray (SBDX), a C-arm mounted inverse geometry fluoroscopic technology. A helical configuration of fiducials is imaged at each gantry angle in a rotational acquisition. For each gantry angle, digital to...
Last. Michael A. Speidel(UW: University of Wisconsin-Madison)H-Index: 11
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Purpose: Image registration between standard x-ray fluoroscopy and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has recently been proposed. Scanning-beam digital x-ray (SBDX) is an inverse geometry fluoroscopy system designed for cardiac procedures. This study presents a method for 3D registration of SBDX and TEE images based on the tomosynthesis and 3D tracking capabilities of SBDX. Methods: The registration algorithm utilizes the stack of tomosynthetic planes produced by the SBDX system to estimate ...
Scanning-beam digital x-ray (SBDX) is an inverse geometry fluoroscopy system for low dose cardiac imaging. The use of a narrow scanned x-ray beam in SBDX reduces detected x-ray scatter and improves dose efficiency, however the tight beam collimation also limits the maximum achievable x-ray fluence. To increase the fluence available for imaging, we have constructed a new SBDX prototype with a wider x-ray beam, larger-area detector, and new real-time image reconstructor. Imaging is performed with ...
