Internal medicine

Protease-activated receptor

Receptor

Biology

Neutrophil extracellular traps

Innate immune system

Immunology

Sepsis

Hemostasis

Inflammation

Thrombin

Monocyte

Platelet activation

Medicine

Immune system

Platelet

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

There is accumulating evidence that platelets play roles beyond their traditional functions in thrombosis and hemostasis, e.g., in inflammatory processes, infection and cancer, and that they interact, stimulate and regulate cells of the innate immune system such as neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages. In this review, we will focus on platelet activation in hemostatic and inflammatory processes, as well as platelet interactions with neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages. We take a closer look at the contributions of major platelet receptors GPIb, αIIbβ3, TLT-1, CLEC-2 and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) as well as secretions from platelet granules on platelet–neutrophil aggregate and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in atherosclerosis, transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) and COVID-19. Further, we will address platelet–monocyte and macrophage interactions during cancer metastasis, infection, sepsis and platelet clearance.

Beyond Hemostasis: Platelet Innate Immune Interactions and Thromboinflammation