Radiology

Fiducial marker

Nuclear medicine

Magnetic resonance imaging

Cyberknife

Radiation treatment planning

Radiosurgery

Radiation therapy

Medicine

Radiotherapy and Oncology

Image-guided stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has become an important local treatment option for liver metastases [1–5]. Dose prescriptions vary from 24–60 Gy delivered in 1–5 fractions [4]. For such high-dose treatments, accurate image-guidance is critical to achieve precise dose delivery to the target and spare organs-at-risk (OARs). Conventional X-ray based image-guidance (i.e. cone-beam-CT), however, provides poor soft-tissue contrast in the upper-abdomen. Therefore, the implantation of fiducial-markers is required.

Technical feasibility and clinical evaluation of 4D-MRI guided liver SBRT on the MR-linac