Engineered Myoblast-Laden Collagen Filaments Fabricated Using a Submerged Bioprinting Process to Obtain Efficient Myogenic Activities

The skeletal muscle tissue comprises a hierarchical fibrous structure with fully aligned myofibers. To obtain a unique aligned engineering construct for regenerating muscle tissue, we adopted a submerged bioprinting process. Here, 3 wt % collagen and 6 wt % alginate solutions were used as a matrix cell-encapsulating bioink and supporting solution in the printing bath, respectively. By manipulating the processing parameters (various alginate...