Effect of Directional Stretching on Properties of PVA-HA-PAA Composite Hydrogel

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels with excellent characteristics are considered as promising cartilage replacement materials. However, there are still some main issues to be solved for PVA hydrogel, such as poor mechanical strength and disordered structure. Inspired by the highly ordered structure of biological soft tissues such as articular cartilage, here, we prepared a high-strength but anisotropic polyvinyl...