Pregnancy in women with left-to-right cardiac shunts: Any risk?

An unacceptably high incidence of maternal mortality and morbidity, often due to cardiovascular disease, has been recently identified in developed nations with a call to action to improve maternal health and outcomes for both mother and baby. To improve the health of women during pregnancy it is important to identify underlying cardiac lesions which could complicate the course of a pregnancy. Even lesions deemed “simple” such as left-to-right...