Management of local recurrence after radical nephrectomy: surgical removal with or without systemic treatment is still the gold standard. Results from a multicenter international cohort

To evaluate the survival outcomes of patients with local recurrence after radical nephrectomy (RN) and to test the effect of surgery, as monotherapy or in combination with systemic treatment, on cancer-specific mortality (CSM).Patients with local recurrence after RN were abstracted from an international dataset. The primary outcome was CSM. Cox's proportional hazard models tested the main predictors of CSM. Kaplan-Meier method estimates the...