Retracted: DNA methylation-mediated downregulation of PTPN3 attenuates to boost TGF-β signaling in osteosarcoma cells

The misregulation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling can cause tumorigenesis, but the activation and suppression of TGF-β signaling are complicated biological processes. We discovered a protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor 3 (PTPN3)-dependent regulatory mechanism in uncancerous osteoblast cells that involved a stabilizing PTPN3 interaction with the TGF-β type I receptor (TGFBR1), which impaired TGFBR1 ubiquitination by the...