An example to teach Markov chains and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium through Mendel’s laws

Graduates in biology or genetics learn Mendel’s laws and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium as students, and they know, use, and sometimes teach these concepts. However, it is unusual to learn about stochastic processes during the graduate studies of these topics, although the applications of Markov chains in the fields of genetics or biology are increasing. In this paper, and from Mendel’s Laws, we are going to obtain an example of the Hardy–Weinberg...