A review of the land snail faunas of the European Cenozoic – composition, diversity and turnovers

We present a critical review of the fossil record of Cenozoic terrestrial gastropods of Europe utilizing a literature-based dataset comprising 1640 species from 609 sites. Net diversity (expressed as species, genus and family richness) and β-diversity (as species, genus and family turnover) reveal several major disruptive phases. Turnovers occurred at the Ypresian–Lutetian and Eocene–Oligocene boundaries, and extinction events took place at the...