Carcinoid Heart Disease: a Review

The development of carcinoid heart disease (CHD) is a fibrotic complication of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) which is associated with a poor prognosis. This review aims to summarise the clinical features, investigations and management of this condition. CHD can affect up to 50% of NET patients with carcinoid syndrome. However, it is often not screened for appropriately and recognised late when patients become symptomatic. A screening strategy...