Chemistry

Materials science

Optoelectronics

Charge carrier

Photocatalysis

Catalysis

Nanotechnology

Solar energy

Semiconductor

Electrical engineering

Physical chemistry

Adsorption

Solar energy conversion

Engineering

Biochemistry

Energy & environment materials

Recently, defect architectured photocatalysis is proved to be the most versatile choice for high solar to chemical energy conversion processes. Defect engineering strategies are of great demand to effectively tune the electronic microstructure and surface morphologies of semiconductors to boost charge carrier concentration and extend light harvesting capability. This review provides a comprehensive insight to various kinds of defects along with their synthesis procedures and controlling mechanism to uplift photocatalytic activity. In addition, the contribution made by defects and material optimization techniques toward electronic band structure of the photocatalyst, the optimal concentration of defects, the key adsorption processes, charge distribution, and transfer dynamics have been explained in detail. Further, to clarify the relationship between photocatalytic activity and defect states in real, a comprehensive outlook to the versatile photocatalytic applications has been presented to highlight current ch...

Recent Development in Defects Engineered Photocatalysts: An Overview of the Experimental and Theoretical Strategies