Heart and Turner syndrome

Turner syndrome (TS) is a rare disease (ORPHA #881) which affects about 50 in 100 000 newborn girls. Their karyotype shows a complete or partial loss of the second X chromosome. In TS, congenital cardiovascular malformations, such as bicuspid aortic valves and aortic coarctation are frequent, affecting 20-30% and 7-18% of the TS population, respectively. The morbidity and mortality of these patients are high and related to the presence of...