The effects of non-stabilised and Na-carboxymethylcellulose-stabilised iron oxide nanoparticles on remediation of Co-contaminated soils

A pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of six types of non-stabilised and Na-carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)-stabilised iron oxide nanoparticles (α-FeOOH, α-Fe2O3, and Fe3O4) on the immobilisation of cobalt (Co) in a soil spiked with different concentrations of it (5, 25, 65, 125, 185 mg kg−1). Amendments were added to soil samples at the rate of 0.5%, and the samples incubated for 60-days. The addition of amendments...