Potential proton pump inhibitor–related adverse effects

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one of the most common medications taken by patients worldwide. PPIs are used to treat acid‐related disorders, including gastroesophageal reflux disease, peptic ulcer disease, Helicobacter pylori infection, and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug/stress ulceration. For some of these diseases, long‐term treatment is necessary. With such prolonged use, concern and investigation into potential adverse effects has...