In this work, aiming at a UV-curing 3D printing process with liquid crystal display (LCD) irradiation, a novel free-radical/cationic hybrid photosensitive resin was designed and prepared. After testing, the results showed that the acrylate monomers could be polymerized through a free-radical mechanism, while the epoxides were polymerized by a cationic curing mechanism. During the process of UV-curing, the acrylate and epoxide polymers were crosslinked and further locked together by non-covalent bonds. Therefore, an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) structure could be formed through light-curing 3D-printing processes. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) revealed that the 3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl methyl-3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl formate and acrylic resin were both successfully involved in the UV-curing process. Furthermore, in order to make the 3D-printed objects cured completely, post-processing was of great importance. The results from the systematic study of the dynamic mechanical properties of the printed objects showed that the heating treatment process after UV irradiation was very necessary and favorable for the complete cationic polymerization of UV-6110 induced by Irgacure 261. The optimum heating treatment conditions were achieved at a temperature of 70 °C for 3 h.
#1Tingting Zhao(CAS: Chinese Academy of Sciences)H-Index: 22
#2Ran Yu(CAS: Chinese Academy of Sciences)H-Index: 11
Last. Wei Huang(CAS: Chinese Academy of Sciences)H-Index: 12
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A type of silicone-epoxy resin has been synthesized and compounded with acrylates to obtain hybrid inks for stereolithography 3D printing. Two approaches of printing have been developed: one approach is pure photopolymerization through the addition of free radical and cationic photoinitiators to the hybrid resin; the other approach untilizes a photo-thermal dual-curing system with free radical photoinitiator for acrylates and thermal curing agent for epoxy resin. The results of hardness, gel con...
Abstract 3D printing, more formally known as additive manufacturing (AM), has the potential to revolutionise the construction industry, with foreseeable benefits including greater structural efficiency, reduction in material consumption and wastage, streamlining and expedition of the design-build process, enhanced customisation, greater architectural freedom and improved accuracy and safety on-site. Unlike traditional manufacturing methods for construction products, metal 3D printing offers read...
#1Huang Jiajian(SCAU: South China Agricultural University)H-Index: 5
#2Teng Yuan(SCAU: South China Agricultural University)H-Index: 15
Last. Zhuohong Yang(SCAU: South China Agricultural University)H-Index: 15
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Abstract With the increasing shortage of petroleum-based resources, the exploitation and application of the polymers derived from the renewable resources has becomes increasingly important for the industrial development. In this work, in order to promote the direct application of tung oil in the coating field, the tung oil-based polymers with the excellent mechanical properties by using cationic photoinitiator as the “green” initiator were prepared. The cationic polymerization mechanism and the ...
Last. H. Jerry Qi(Georgia Institute of Technology)H-Index: 58
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Abstract Photopolymerization is a widely used polymerization method in many engineering applications such as coating, dental restoration, and 3D printing. It is a complex chemical and physical process, through which a liquid monomer solution is rapidly converted to a solid polymer. In the most common free-radical photopolymerization process, the photoinitiator in the solution is exposed to light and decomposes into active radicals, which attach to monomers to start the polymerization reaction. T...
Aqueous dispersions of nanoscale organic pigments were successfully prepared via ball milling and ultrasonication. The dispersed organic pigments were encapsulated into UV-curable resins via a miniemulsion technique. Critical factors that affected the dispersion and encapsulation stability were investigated. The encapsulated organic pigments were characterized with transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analyses, Fourier transform infrared spectra and zeta potential. The results cla...
Last. Wenjuan Han(NCU: Nanchang University)H-Index: 1
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A novel hybrid type photosensitive resin for stereolithography in 3D printing was prepared with bisphenol A type epoxy diacrylate (EA-612), tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA), ethoxylated trimethyolpropane triacrylate(EO3TMPTA), cycloaliphatic diepoxide(ERL-4221), polycaprolactonepolyol(Polyol-0301),1-hydroxy-cyclohphenyl ketone(Irgacure184), and a mixture of triarylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate salts (Ar3SSbF6). The novel hybrid type photosensitive resin was the photosensitive resin of an ...
#2Hyun Park(UNIST: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology)H-Index: 3
Last. Hoon Eui Jeong(UNIST: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology)H-Index: 32
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We present rheological and mechanical behaviors of a partially cured photopolymer. When an ultraviolet (UV)-curable resin is exposed to UV light in atmospheric conditions, a partially cured layer is formed on the top of the resin owing to inhibitory effects of oxygen. Interestingly, such a partially cured resin behaves like a Bingham plastic with a yield stress, being a rigid solid at low shear stress and a viscous liquid at high stress. Unlike typical Bingham plastic materials, however, deforma...
Last. Sarawut Rimdusit(Chula: Chulalongkorn University)H-Index: 28
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High-performance ultraviolet (UV) curable polyurethane acrylate (PUA) coating alloyed with thermally curable polybenzoxazine (PBA) is developed. The hybrid polymer networks of PUA and PBA-a were prepared by sequential cure methods, i.e., UV cure of the PUA followed by thermal cure of the PBA fraction. The effects of sequential cure were investigated in terms of mechanical, thermal, and physical properties of the resulting polymer alloys. The fully cured PUA/PBA-a alloy films showed only single g...
Additive manufacturing processes take the information from a computer-aided design (CAD) file that is later converted to a stereolithography (STL) file. In this process, the drawing made in the CAD software is approximated by triangles and sliced containing the information of each layer that is going to be printed. There is a discussion of the relevant additive manufacturing processes and their applications. The aerospace industry employs them because of the possibility of manufacturing lighter ...
Conversion of inorganic-organic frameworks (ceramic precursors and ceramic-polymer mixtures) into solid mass ceramic structures based on photopolymerization process is currently receiving plentiful attention in the field of additive manufacturing (3D printing). Various techniques (e.g., stereolithography, digital light processing, and two-photon polymerization) that are compatible with this strategy have so far been widely investigated. This is due to their cost-viability, flexibility, and abili...
In this study, five urethane acrylates (UAs), namely aliphatic urethane hexa-acrylate (87A), aromatic urethane hexa-acrylate (88A), aliphatic UA (588), aliphatic urethane triacrylate diluted in 15% HDD (594), and high-functional aliphatic UA (5812), were selected to formulate five UA-based photopolymer resins for digital light processing (DLP)-based 3D printing. Each UA (40 wt%) was added and blended homogenously with ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (40 wt%), isobornyl acrylate (12 wt%...