The flipped classroom: A meta-analysis of effects on student performance across disciplines and education levels

The Flipped Classroom design has arguably revolutionized teaching across the globe. In this article we report the first comprehensive meta-analysis of its effects on student performance, relative to traditional teaching models, across disciplines and education level. We included 198 studies comprising 33,678 students in our meta-analysis. There were 174 studies conducted at the tertiary level, 21 at secondary, and three at primary school level....