Periprocedural Outcomes of Fluoroscopy-Guided Patent Foramen Ovale Closure With Selective Use of Intracardiac Echocardiography

Background Recent randomized trials have confirmed the role of patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure in the secondary prevention of cryptogenic stroke. Guidelines have suggested a central role for intraprocedural imaging using intracardiac echocardiography (ICE). However, this modality may not be required to achieve safe and effective closure. We aimed to examine the periprocedural outcomes of PFO closure retrospectively, using fluoroscopic...