Thoracoscopic talc poudrage (TTP) in malignant (M) pleural effusion (PE): when to perform it?

Background: TTP is one of the most effective pleurodesis methods in MPE but its optimal timing is not well-defined. While some groups perform thoracoscopic pleurodesis on the basis of endoscopic malignancy appearance during diagnostic medical thoracoscopy (MT), others wait for a definitive histological diagnosis. Aim: to evaluate if the presence of thoracoscopic features of neoplastic pleural involvement predicts the final...