IPL Sublamination in Chicken Retinal Spheroids Is Initiated via Müller Cells and Cholinergic Differentiation, and Is Disrupted by NMDA Signaling

Purpose: Reaggregates from E6 embryonic chicken retina exhibit areas corresponding to an inner plexiform layer (IPL), which presents an ideal in vitro model to test conditions and constraints of cholinergic and glutamatergic network formation, providing a basis for retinal tissue engineering. Here, we show that ipl formation is regulated by cholinergic starburst amacrine cells (SACs), a glial scaffold and by L-glutamate. Methods: Rosetted...