Providing fresh and drinkable water is a grand challenge the world is facing today. Development in nanomaterials can create possibilities of using energy-efficient nanoporous materials for water desalination. In this work, we demonstrated that ultrathin conductive metal–organic framework (MOF) is capable of efficiently rejecting ions while giving access to high water flux. Through molecular dynamic simulation, we discovered perfect ion rejection rate by two-dimensional (2D) multilayer MOF. The naturally porous structure of 2D MOF enables significantly 3–6 orders of magnitude higher water permeation compared to that of traditional membranes. Few layers MOF membranes show 1 order of magnitude higher water flux compared to that of single-layer nanoporous graphene or molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) without the requirement of drilling pores. The excellent performance of 2D MOF membranes is supported by water permeation calculations, water density/velocity profiles at the pore, and the water interfacial diffusion n...
Two-dimensional (2D) conductive metal–organic framework (MOF) lattices have recently gained remarkable attentions because of their outstanding application prospects. Most recently, Cu-hexahydroxybenzene MOF was for the time experimentally realized, through a kinetically controlled approach. Cu-HHB belongs to the family of conductive MOFs with a chemical formula of M (C X ) (X = NH, O, S). Motivated by the recent experimental advance in the fabrication of Cu-HHB, we conducted extensive first-prin...
#1Wei Zhou(Center for Advanced Materials)H-Index: 107
#2Mingjie Wei(Center for Advanced Materials)H-Index: 17
Last. Yong Wang(Center for Advanced Materials)H-Index: 62
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Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are penetrated with uniform and ordered nanopores, implying their great potential in molecular/ion separations. As an imine-linked, stable COF, TpPa-1 is receiving tremendous interest for molecular sieving membranes. Theoretically, atomically thin TpPa-1 monolayers exhibit extremely high water permeance but unfortunately no rejection to ions because of its large pore size (∼1.58 nm). The COF monolayers tend to stack to form laminated multilayers, but how this s...
Most recently, Cu-hexahydroxybenzene MOF was for the time experimentally realized, through a kinetically controlled approach. Cu-HHB belongs to the family of conductive MOFs with a chemical formula of M3(C6X6)2(X=NH, O, S). Motivated by the recent experimental advance in the fabrication of Cu-HHB, we conducted extensive first-principles simulations to explore the thermal stability, mechanical properties and electronic characteristics of M3(C6X6)2(M= Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pd, Rh and X= O, S, Se...
Last. Timon Rabczuk(KSU: King Saud University)H-Index: 106
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Abstract Hexaaminobenzene (HAB)-derived two-dimensional metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) (Nature Energy 3(2018), 30–36) have most recently gained remarkable attentions as a novel class of two-dimensional (2D) materials, with outstanding performances for advanced energy storage systems. In the latest experimental advances, Ni-, Co- and Cu-HAB MOFs were synthesized in 2D forms, with high electrical conductivities and capacitances as well. Motivated by these experimental advances, we employed first-...
Metal–organic framework nanosheets (MONs) are emerging as a novel class of two-dimensional materials with a distinct set of design principles, synthetic approaches, characterisation techniques and applications. MONs are free standing, nominally two-dimensional materials formed by the co-ordination of organic ligands to metal ions or clusters. In comparison to other metal–organic and two-dimensional materials, the principles behind their design and synthesis are only just beginning to be understo...
Last. Hua Zhang(NTU: Nanyang Technological University)H-Index: 172
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Two-dimensional (2D) metal–organic framework (MOF) nanosheets are attracting increasing research attention due to their unique properties originating from their ultrathin thickness, large surface area and high surface-to-volume atom ratios. Many great advances have been made in the synthesis and application of 2D MOF nanosheets over the past few years. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the synthesis of 2D MOF nanosheets by using top-down methods, e.g. sonication exfoliation, me...
Two-dimensional (2D) conductive metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as a unique class of multifunctional materials due to their compositional and structural diversity accessible through bottom-up self-assembly. This feature article summarizes the progress in the development of 2D conductive MOFs with emphasis on synthetic modularity, device integration strategies, and multifunctional properties. Applications spanning sensing, catalysis, electronics, energy conversion, and storage are di...
Porous membranes with ultrafast ion permeation and high ion selectivity are highly desirable for efficient mineral separation, water purification, and energy conversion, but it is still a huge challenge to efficiently separate monatomic ions of the same valence and similar sizes using synthetic membranes. We report metal organic framework (MOF) membranes, including ZIF-8 and UiO-66 membranes with uniform subnanometer pores consisting of angstrom-sized windows and nanometer-sized cavities for ult...
For miniaturized capacitive energy storage, volumetric and areal capacitances are more important metrics than gravimetric ones because of the constraints imposed by device volume and chip area. Typically used in commercial supercapacitors, porous carbons, although they provide a stable and reliable performance, lack volumetric performance because of their inherently low density and moderate capacitances. Here we report a high-performing electrode based on conductive hexaaminobenzene (HAB)-derive...
Last. Hyungjun Kim(UTokyo: University of Tokyo)H-Index: 31
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Water scarcity is rapidly increasing in many regions. In a novel, multi-model assessment, we examine how human interventions (HI: land use and land cover change, man-made reservoirs and human water use) affected monthly river water availability and water scarcity over the period 1971–2010. Here we show that HI drastically change the critical dimensions of water scarcity, aggravating water scarcity for 8.8% (7.4–16.5%) of the global population but alleviating it for another 8.3% (6.4–15.8%). Posi...
Last. Yuanyuan Qu(SDU: Shandong University)H-Index: 30
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Abstract null null The crisis of global water scarcity is one of the most serious challenges that scientists and policymakers currently face. Breakthroughs in two-dimensional structures have provided a viable solution for the design and fabrication of filters in reverse osmosis (RO) desalination technologies. In this study, through molecular dynamics simulations, we show that the newly synthesized layer-stacked phosphorus carbide (α-PC) membrane can act as an auspicious performance filter for wa...
#2Zhikun Wang(China University of Petroleum)H-Index: 10
Last. Qiang Lyu(China University of Petroleum)H-Index: 5
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Abstract null null Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to explore the effect of linker configuration and functionalization on the desalination of Zr-MOF membranes. PTP containing diphenyl rings at linker end and one triple bond at middle has the best permeability (34.50 L/cm2 day MPa). PTP was functionalized by -OH, -CH3, -CF3 and -Cl at two positions that are closer to metal cluster or middle of linker. The Zr-MOF membrane with unmodified PTP has a salt rejection rate 72%, while after...
A nanoporous graphene membrane is crucial to energy-efficient reverse osmosis water desalination given its high permeation rate and ion selectivity. However, the ion selectivity of the common circular graphene nanopore is dependent on the pore size and scales inversely with the water permeation rate. Larger, circular graphene nanopores give rise to the high water permeation rate but compromise the ability to reject ions. Therefore, the pursuit of a higher permeation rate while maintaining high i...
#4Sheng Ye(DICP: Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics)H-Index: 2
Abstract null null Two-dimensional metal–organic frameworks (2D MOFs) have attracted intensive attention owing to tailorable composition and structures, unique dimension-dependent properties, and tunable surface chemistry. Therefore, applications of 2D MOFs have been explored widely in many fields. To make practical application of the 2D MOFs fast, it is of vital importance to develop low-cost, controllable and facile synthesis. In recent years, significant progresses have been achieved in the s...
Metal-organic framework nanosheets (MONs) have recently emerged as a distinct class of 2D materials with programmable structures that make them useful in diverse applications. In this review, the breadth of applications that have so far been investigated are surveyed, thanks to the distinct combination of properties afforded by MONs. How: 1) The high surface areas and readily accessible active sites of MONs mean they have been exploited for a variety of heterogeneous, photo-, and electro-catalyt...
#1Wang Ziyue(HIT: Harbin Institute of Technology)H-Index: 1
#2Jingyao Qi(HIT: Harbin Institute of Technology)H-Index: 13
Last. Jun Ma(HIT: Harbin Institute of Technology)H-Index: 57
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Abstract In this study, we demonstrated the antifouling MOF membrane via the in-situ growth of metal azolate framework-4 (MAF-4) on polyethersulfone (PES) substrates and then epitaxial growth of MAF-7. The basal MAF-4 layer, which was confirmed to bind to the substrate by the chelation of Zn-seeded linkage layer, was flawless to ensure the desalination performance. The upper MAF-7 shell, which was confirmed to possess crystal characteristics and leave an unbound nitrogen atom, was hydrophilic an...
Two-dimensional nanomaterials, such as graphene, have been extensively studied because of their outstanding physical properties. Structure and topology of nanopores on such materials can be important for their performances in real-world engineering applications, like water desalination. However, discovering the most efficient nanopores often involves a very large number of experiments or simulations that are expensive and time-consuming. In this work, we propose a data-driven artificial intellig...
#2Ye Tian(CAS: Chinese Academy of Sciences)H-Index: 15
Last. Lei Jiang(CAS: Chinese Academy of Sciences)H-Index: 186
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Water molecules confined to low-dimensional spaces exhibit unusual properties compared to bulk water. For example, the alternating hydrophilic and hydrophobic nanodomains on flat silicon wafer can induce the abnormal spreading of water (contact angles near 0°) which is caused by the 2D capillary effect. Hence, exploring the physicochemical properties of confined water from the nanoscale is of great value for understanding the challenges in material science and promoting the applications of nanom...
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