Nanotechnology, the use of materials with dimensions on the atomic or molecular scale, has become increasingly utilized for medical applications and is of great interest as an approach to kill or reduce the activity of numerous microorganisms. Infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are emerging causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The optimal treatment route for infections caused by MDROs is often unclear, and the antibiotic options are limited. These challenges highlight the critical demand for alternative and effective antimicrobial strategies. The physical structure of a nanoparticle itself and the way in which it interacts with and penetrates into bacteria appear to provide unique bactericidal mechanisms. Coupling nanoparticles and natural-based antimicrobials (or other repurposed compounds) to inhibit bacterial efflux pumps, biofilm formation, quorum sensing, and possibly plasmid curing, are some of the strategies to combat MDROs. Combinatorial therapy with metallic nanoparticles, as an adjunct to existing antibiotics, may aid in restraining the mounting menace of bacterial resistance. In this review, we will summarize the current researches on nanoparticles and other nanomaterials and how they are applied or can be applied in the future to fight MDROs.
#1Priyanka Singh(DTU: Technical University of Denmark)H-Index: 28
#2Abhroop Garg(DTU: Technical University of Denmark)H-Index: 3
Last. Ivan Mijakovic(Chalmers University of Technology)H-Index: 43
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Infectious diseases pose one of the greatest health challenges in the medical world. Though numerous antimicrobial drugs are commercially available, they often lack effectiveness against recently developed multidrug resistant (MDR) microorganisms. This results in high antibiotic dose administration and a need to develop new antibiotics, which in turn requires time, money, and labor investments. Recently, biogenic metallic nanoparticles have proven their effectiveness against MDR microorganisms, ...
Last. Tsu-Lan Wu(CGU: Chang Gung University)H-Index: 31
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Abstract Background/purposes Vancomycin resistance increased significantly to 31.3% among Enterococcus faecium in 2006 and remained high thereafter at a university hospital in Taiwan. A longitudinal study was retrospectively conducted to characterize these vancomycin-resistant E . faecium (VRE-fm). Methods A total of 378 non-repetitive VRE-fm blood isolates collected during 2002–2015 were studied. Multilocus sequence typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, analysis of van genes and the Tn 1546...
During the past few years, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) became one of the most investigated and explored nanotechnology-derived nanostructures, given the fact that nanosilver-based materials proved to have interesting, challenging, and promising characteristics suitable for various biomedical applications. Among modern biomedical potential of AgNPs, tremendous interest is oriented toward the therapeutically enhanced personalized healthcare practice. AgNPs proved to have genuine features and impr...
Last. Ljubica Tasic(State University of Campinas)H-Index: 19
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Multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) are extremely dangerous and bring a serious threat to health care systems as they can survive an attack from almost any drug. The bacteria’s adaptive way of living with the use of antimicrobials and antibiotics caused them to modify and prevail in hostile conditions by creating resistance to known antibiotics or their combinations. The emergence of nanomaterials as new antimicrobials introduces a new paradigm for antibiotic use in various fields. For example, ...
Last. Gert Storm(UT: University of Twente)H-Index: 108
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The use of nanotechnology in medicine has the potential to have a major impact on human health for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. One particular aspect of the nanomedicine field which has received a great deal of attention is the design and development of nanoparticulate nanomedicines (NNMs) for drug delivery (i.e. drug-containing nanoparticles). NNMs are intended to deliver drugs via various mechanisms: solubilization, passive targeting, active targeting, and triggered re...
Infectious diseases remain one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The WHO and CDC have expressed serious concern regarding the continued increase in the development of multidrug resistance among bacteria. Therefore, the antibiotic resistance crisis is one of the most pressing issues in global public health. Associated with the rise in antibiotic resistance is the lack of new antimicrobials. This has triggered initiatives worldwide to develop novel and more effective anti...
Last. Pranjal Chandra(IITG: Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati)H-Index: 31
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Nanostructured materials (NSMs) have increasingly been used as a substitute for antibiotics and additives in various products to impart microbicidal effect. In particular, use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has garnered huge researchers’ attention as potent bactericidal agent due to the inherent antimicrobial property of the silver metal. Moreover, other nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, graphene, chitosan, etc.) have also been studied for their antimicrobial effects in order ensure ...
: The discovery of antibiotics was hailed as a historic breakthrough for the human race in the fight against bacterial and malignant infections. However, in a very short time, owing to their acute and aggressive nature, bacteria have developed resistance against antibiotics and other chemotherapeutics agents. Potentially, this situation could again result in bacterial infection outbreaks. Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles have been proven as better alternatives; the combination of antibiotics ...
Silver nanoparticles have already been successfully applied in various biomedical and antimicrobial technologies and products used in everyday life. Although bacterial resistance to antibiotics has been extensively discussed in the literature, the possible development of resistance to silver nanoparticles has not been fully explored. We report that the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli 013, Pseudomonas aeruginosa CCM 3955 and E. coli CCM 3954 can develop resistance to silver nanoparticles ...
Despite an array of cogent antibiotics, bacterial infections, notably those produced by nosocomial pathogens, still remain a leading factor of morbidity and mortality around the globe. They target the severely ill, hospitalized and immunocompromised patients with incapacitated immune system, who are prone to infections. The choice of antimicrobial therapy is largely empirical and not devoid of toxicity, hypersensitivity, teratogenicity and/or mutagenicity. The emergence of multidrug-resistant ba...
Abstract null null The changes in lifestyle and living conditions have affected not only humans but also microorganisms. As man invents new drugs and therapies, pathogens alter themselves to survive and thrive. Multiple drug resistance (MDR) is the talk of the town for decades now. Many generations of medications have been termed useless as MDR rises among the infectious population. The surge in nanotechnology has brought a new hope in reducing this aspect of resistance in pathogens. It has been...
Last. Manish K. Tiwari(UCL: University College London)H-Index: 29
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Abstract null null The present work reports a novel antibacterial nanocomposite film comprising of copper nanowire impregnated biocompatible hypromellose using polyethylene glycol as a plasticiser. Detailed physico-chemical characterization using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–Visible spectroscopy and electron microscopy shows uniform dispersion of copper nanowire in the polymer matrix without any apparent oxidation. The film is flexible and shows excellent antiba...
Last. Jianhua Guo(UQ: University of Queensland)H-Index: 41
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Abstract null null The increasing release of nanomaterials has attracted significant concerns for human and environmental health. Similarly, the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health crisis affecting approximately 700,000 people a year. However, a knowledge gap persists between the spread of AMR and nanomaterials. This study aims to fill this gap by investigating whether and how nanomaterials could directly facilitate the dissemination of AMR through horizontal gene ...
#2Sergei V. Raik(RAS: Russian Academy of Sciences)H-Index: 6
Last. Yury A. Skorik(RAS: Russian Academy of Sciences)H-Index: 18
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Abstract null null Nanotechnology-based modification of known antimicrobial agents is a rational and straightforward way to improve their safety and effectiveness. The aim of this study was to develop colistin (CT)-loaded polymeric carriers based on hyaluronic acid (HA) for potential application as antimicrobial agents against multi-resistant gram-negative microorganisms (including ESKAPE pathogens). CT-containing particles were obtained via a polyelectrolyte interaction between protonated CT am...
#2Martin Malmsten(UCPH: University of Copenhagen)H-Index: 74
As a result of increasing resistance among pathogens against antibiotics and anti-viral therapeutics, nanomaterials are attracting current interest as antimicrobial agents. Such materials offer triggered functionalities to combat challenging infections, based on either direct membrane action, effects of released ions, thermal shock induced by either light or magnetic fields, or oxidative photocatalysis. In the present overview, we focus on photocatalytic antimicrobial effects, in which light exp...
Public awareness of infectious diseases has increased in recent months, not only due to the current COVID-19 outbreak but also because of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) being declared a top-10 global health threat by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2019. These global issues have spiked the realization that new and more efficient methods and approaches are urgently required to efficiently combat and overcome the failures in the diagnosis and therapy of infectious disease. This holds true n...
Increasing interest in the combinatory effects of nanoparticles (NPs) and antibiotics to diminish antibiotic resistance emergence, while maintaining antimicrobial properties, have grown over the years. Furthermore, diverse compounds used to synthesize nanoparticles have enhanced drug delivery, stability, efficiency, and reactivity. Nevertheless, nanotechnology, in the medical and veterinary fields, is minimally introduced despite preventing antibiotic resistance and its microbicidal activity. Th...
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most significant threats to health and economy around the globe and has been compounded by the emergence of COVID-19, raising important consequences for antimicrobial resistance development. Contrary to conventional targeting approaches, the use of biomimetic application via nanoparticles for enhanced cellular targeting, cell penetration and localized antibiotic delivery has been highlighted as a superior approach to identify novel targeting ligands for com...
The rapid increase in pathogenic microorganisms with antimicrobial resistant profiles has become a significant public health problem globally. The management of this issue using conventional antimicrobial preparations frequently results in an increase in pathogen resistance and a shortage of effective antimicrobials for future use against the same pathogens. In this review, we discuss the emergence of AMR and argue for the importance of addressing this issue by discovering novel synthetic or nat...
