Bacteria

Biology

Mycobacterium

Mycobacterium phlei

Antibacterial activity

Botany

Food science

Fungus

Stereochemistry

Genetics

Organic chemistry

Fungi imperfecti

Penicillium

Microbiology

Chemistry

Benzene

Journal of Natural Products

Four new alkyl aromatics, penixylarins A–D (1–4), along with the known biogenetically related 1,3-dihydroxy-5-(12-hydroxyheptadecyl)benzene (5) and 1,3-dihydroxy-5-(12-sulfoxyheptadecyl)benzene (6), were isolated from a mixed culture of the Antarctic deep-sea-derived fungus Penicillium crustosum PRB-2 and the mangrove-derived fungus Xylaria sp. HDN13-249. UPLC-MS data and an analysis of structural features showed that compounds 1 and 2 were produced by collaboration of the two fungi, while compounds 3–6 could be produced by Xylaria sp. HDN13-249 alone, but in noticeably increased quantities by cocultivation. Compounds 2, 3, 5, and 6 showed antibacterial activity against a panel of strains, and compound 3 possessed potential antituberculosis effects (MIC = 6.25 μM against Mycobacterium phlei).

Secondary Metabolites Produced by Combined Culture of <i>Penicillium crustosum</i> and a <i>Xylaria</i> sp.

Secondary Metabolites Produced by Combined Culture of Penicillium crustosum and a Xylaria sp.