Nanoparticle

Photodynamic therapy

Photochemistry

Materials science

Reactive oxygen species

Hemoglobin

Biochemistry

Chemiluminescence

Polymer

Nanotechnology

Organic chemistry

Oxygen

Luminescence

Conjugated system

Luminol

Chemistry

Optoelectronics

Angewandte Chemie International Edition

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising method for cancer treatment. Two parameters that influence the efficacy of PDT are the light source and oxygen supply. Herein, we prepared a system for PDT using hemoglobin (Hb)‐linked conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs), which can luminesce and supply oxygen. Hb catalyzes the activation of luminol, the conjugated polymer poly[2‐methoxy‐5‐(2‐ethylhexyloxy)‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene] (MEH–PPV) nanoparticles can absorb the chemiluminescence of luminol through chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (CRET) and then sensitize the oxygen supplied by Hb to produce reactive oxygen species that kill cancer cells. This system could be used for the controlled release of an anticancer prodrug. The system does not need an external light source and circumvents the insufficient level molecular oxygen under hypoxia. This work provides a proof‐of‐concept to explore smart and multifunctional nanoplatforms for phototherapy.

Luminescent, Oxygen‐Supplying, Hemoglobin‐Linked Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Photodynamic Therapy