Abstract Background and objectives The tendency to engage in impulsive behaviors when distressed is linked to disordered eating. The current study comprehensively examines emotional responses to a distress tolerance task by utilizing self-report, psychophysiological measures (respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA], skin conductance responses [SCRs] and tonic skin conductance levels [SCLs]), and behavioral measures (i.e., termination of task, latency to quit task). Methods 26 healthy controls (HCs) and a sample of treatment-seeking women with Bulimia Nervosa (BN), Binge Eating Disorder (BED) and Anorexia Nervosa (AN) (N = 106) completed the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task- Computerized (PASAT-C). Psychophysiological measurements were collected during baseline, PASAT-C, and recovery, then averaged for each time period. Self-reported emotions were collected at baseline, post-PASAT-C and post-recovery. Results Overall, we found an effect of Time, with all participants reporting greater negative emotions, less happiness, lower RSA, more SCRs and higher tonic SCLs after completion of the PASAT-C relative to baseline. There were no differences in PASAT-C performance between groups. There was an effect of Group for negative emotions, with women with BN, BED and AN reporting overall higher levels of negative emotions relative to HCs. Furthermore, we found an effect of Group for greater urges to binge eat and lower RSA values among BED, relative to individuals with BN, AN and HCs. Limitations This study is cross-sectional and lacked an overweight healthy control group. Conclusion During the PASAT-C, individuals with eating disorders (EDs) compared to HCs report higher levels of negative emotions, despite similar physiological and behavioral manifestations of distress.
Unrivalled in the way it makes the teaching of statistics compelling and accessible to even the most anxious of students, the only statistics textbook you and your students will ever need just got better! Andy Field's comprehensive and bestselling Discovering Statistics Using SPSS 4th Edition takes students from introductory statistical concepts through very advanced concepts, incorporating SPSS throughout. The Fourth Edition focuses on providing essential content updates, better accessibility t...
Abstract Binge eating is the most common disordered eating symptom and can lead to the development of obesity. Previous self-report research has supported the hypothesis that individuals who binge eat report greater levels of general emotion dysregulation, which may facilitate binge-eating behavior. However, to date, no study has experimentally tested the relation between binge eating history and in-vivo emotion dysregulation. To do this, a sample of female college students who either endorsed b...
Psychophysiological research integrating heart rate variability (HRV) has increased during the last two decades, particularly given the fact that HRV is able to index cardiac vagal tone. Vagal tone, which represents the activity of the parasympathetic system, is acknowledged to be linked with many phenomena relevant for psychophysiological research, including self-regulation at the cognitive, emotional, social, and health levels. The ease of HRV collection and measurement coupled with the fact i...
Last. Julian Koenig(OSU: Ohio State University)H-Index: 29
view all 6 authors...
Objective Autonomic nervous system function is altered in eating disorders. We aimed to quantify differences in resting state vagal activity, indexed by high-frequency heart rate variability comparing patients with bulimia nervosa (BN) and healthy controls. Methods A systematic search of the literature to identify studies eligible for inclusion and meta-analytical methods were applied. Meta-regression was used to identify potential covariates. Results Eight studies reporting measures of resting ...
In the past two decades, respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) — an index of parasympathetic nervous system (PNS)-mediated cardiac control — has emerged as a reliable peripheral biomarker of emotion regulation (ER). Reduced RSA and excessive RSA reactivity (i.e., withdrawal) to emotional challenge are observed consistently among individuals with poor ER capabilities, including those with various forms of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, and those with specific psychopathological syn...
Last. Kimberly A Brownley(UNC: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)H-Index: 33
view all 5 authors...
Abstract This study investigated cardiovascular functioning, mood, and eating-related psychological factors at rest and in response to mental stress in three groups of women: 1) Obese women with binge eating disorder (BED; n = 9); 2) obese non-BED women (n = 15); and 3) normal weight (NW) non-BED women (n = 15). Compared to both obese and NW non-BED women, obese women with BED showed heightened overall blood pressure and reported greater depression symptoms, perceived stress, and eating-related ...
: Recent models of eating disorders emphasize the importance of ruminative thinking in the occurrence of unhealthy eating behavior. Hence, the aim of the current study was to examine the influence of induced rumination and distraction on the desire to engage in eating-related symptoms in anorexia (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). After a sadness induction, either a ruminative or distractive emotion regulation style was encouraged in women with AN (n = 38), BN (n = 37), and non-eating disordered con...
Last. Katrin E. Giel(University Hospital Heidelberg)H-Index: 31
view all 6 authors...
Abstract Deficits in emotion regulation processes are a common and widely used explanation for the development and maintenance of binge eating disorder (BED). It is assumed that BED patients – as they have difficulty regulating their negative emotions – use binge eating to cope with these emotions and to find relief. However, the number of experimental studies investigating this assumption is scarce and the differentiation of obese individuals with and without BED regarding the emotion regulatio...
Objective: Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is associated with excessive self-control. This iterative case series describes the augmentation of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) for outpatient adult AN with skills addressing emotional and behavioral overcontrol. An overly controlled style is theorized to develop from the transaction between an individual with heightened threat sensitivity and reduced reward sensitivity, interacting with an environment reinforcing overcontrol and punishing imperfection. Me...
Last. Terri L. Weaver(SLU: Saint Louis University)H-Index: 22
view all 4 authors...
Abstract The etiological dual pathway model of bulimia nervosa suggests that dietary restraint and negative affect are significant predictors of this disorder. Negative urgency, or the tendency to act rashly in response to negative emotionality, is also associated with bulimia nervosa; however, no study has examined the role of negative urgency within the context of the dual pathway model. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between bulimic symptomatology and negative u...
Mental pain (MP) is a transdiagnostic feature characterized by depression, suicidal ideation, emotion dysregulation, and associated with worse levels of distress. The study explores the presence and the discriminating role of MP in EDs in detecting patients with higher depressive and ED-related symptoms. Seventy-one ED patients and 90 matched controls completed a Clinical Assessment Scale for MP (CASMP) and the Mental Pain Questionnaire (MPQ). ED patients also completed the Beck Depression Inven...
#1Tanya S. Watford(BGSU: Bowling Green State University)H-Index: 4
#2Abby Braden(BGSU: Bowling Green State University)H-Index: 10
Last. William H. O'Brien(BGSU: Bowling Green State University)H-Index: 23
view all 3 authors...
OBJETIVO: La investigacion ha demostrado resultados mixtos sobre la direccion de la asociacion entre la activacion vagal y la conducta alimentaria anormal. El presente metaanalisis examino los estudios que prueban la relacion entre los indices de variabilidad de activacion vagal de la frecuencia cardiaca en estado de reposo (vmHRV) y la conducta alimentaria anormal tanto clinica como subclinica. METODO: Una busqueda sistematica de la literatura resulto en la inclusion de estudios que eran correl...
#2Megan N. Parker(USU: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences)H-Index: 1
Last. Cara Dochat(UCSD: University of California, San Diego)H-Index: 5
view all 6 authors...
Abstract Emotion-focused treatments are generally efficacious for improving emotion regulation and consequently, improving clinical symptoms across numerous disorders. However, emotion-focused treatment approaches often contain numerous treatment components, limiting our ability to identify which are most efficacious. As such, the current pilot study sought to isolate three components common across a range of emotion-focused treatments (i.e. emotional awareness, emotion down-regulation, and dist...
Abstract Literature suggests that stress-induced consumption of highly palatable food is a behavior pertaining almost exclusively to women. Given the overall association between stress levels and obesity in the United States transcends sex, it seems likely that males also engage in stress-induced consumption of highly palatable food in certain contexts. In the current study, 168 males and females (54.2% female) were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups: achievement stress, socia...