Fatty liver is a major lipid metabolic disease in perinatal dairy cows and is characterized by high blood levels of non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and insulin resistance. Berberine (BBR) has been reported to improve insulin sensitivity in mice with hepatic steatosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered a causal factor that induces insulin resistance. This study investigates the underlying mechanism and the beneficial effects of BBR on mitochondrial and insulin signaling in bovine hepatocytes. Revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (RQUICKI) of cows with fatty liver was significantly lower than that of healthy cows. Importantly, the Akt and GSK3β phosphorylation levels, protein levels of PGC-1α and four of the five representative subunits of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) were significantly decreased in cows with fatty liver using Western Blot analysis. In bovine hepatocytes, 1.2 mmol/L NEFA reduced insulin signaling and mitochondrial respiratory chain function, and 10 and 20 umol/L BBR restored these changes. Furthermore, activation of PGC-1α played the same beneficial effects of BBR on hepatocytes treated with NEFA. BBR treatment improves NEFA-impaired mitochondrial respiratory chain function and insulin signaling by increasing PGC-1α expression in hepatocytes, which provides a potential new strategy for the prevention and treatment of fatty liver in dairy cows.
Dairy cows with ketosis are characterized by oxidative stress, hepatic damage, and hyperketonemia. Acetoacetate (AA) is the main component of ketone bodies in ketotic cows, and is associated with the above pathological process. However, the potential mechanism was not illuminated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of AA-induced hepatic oxidative damage in ketotic cows. Compared with healthy cows, ketotic cows exhibited severe oxidative stress and hepatic damage. M...
Last. Feng Cao(Fourth Military Medical University)H-Index: 52
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Background. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major threat for diabetic patients. Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) has a regulatory effect on mitochondrial dynamics, which is associated with DCM pathological changes. Our study aims to investigate whether resveratrol, a SRIT1 activator, could exert a protective effect against DCM. Methods and Results. Cardiac-specific SIRT1 knockout (SIRT1KO) mice were generated using Cre-loxP system. SIRT1KO mice displayed symptoms of DCM, including cardi...
Abstract NLRP3 (Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3) inflammasome has been reported to contribute to obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance. However, there are few drugs targeting NLRP3 inflammasome for the treatment of insulin resistance. In the present study, we showed that berberine (BBR) significantly suppressed saturated fatty acid palmitate (PA)-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) release in macrophages, which was one of the most imp...
Last. Guowen Liu(JLU: Jilin University)H-Index: 27
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Background/Aims: Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a common disease in high-producing lactating cows. Rumenitis is the initial insult of SARA and is associated with the high concentrations of histamine produced in the rumen of dairy cows during SARA. However, the exact mechanism remains unclear. The objective of the current study is to investigate whether histamine induces inflammation of rumen epithelial cells and the underlying mechanism of this process. Methods: Bovine rumen epithelial cell...
Last. Guowen Liu(JLU: Jilin University)H-Index: 27
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Abstract β-Hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is an important indicator for metabolic disorders in dairy cows, such as ketosis and fatty liver. Dairy cows with ketosis display oxidative stress that may be associated with high levels of BHB. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate a correlation between the high levels of BHB and oxidative stress in dairy cows with ketosis, and to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying oxidative damage in bovine hepatocytes. The results showed that dairy cows wit...
#1Ning Wang(Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong)H-Index: 38
#2Qihe Xu('KCL': King's College London)H-Index: 19
Last. Yibin Feng(Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong)H-Index: 47
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Aim. To examine the effect of berberine (BBR) on liver fibrosis and its possible mechanisms through direct effects on hepatic stellate cells (HSC). Methods. The antifibrotic effect of BBR was determined in a rat model of bile duct ligation- (BDL-) induced liver fibrosis. Multiple cellular and molecular approaches were introduced to examine the effects of BBR on HSC. Results. BBR potently inhibited hepatic fibrosis induced by BDL in rats. It exhibited cytotoxicity to activated HSC at doses nontox...
Last. Shiqiang Yu(Fourth Military Medical University)H-Index: 32
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Berberine (BBR) exerts potential protective effect against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Activation of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) signaling attenuates MI/R injury by reducing oxidative damage and inflammation response. This study investigated the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of BBR treatment in MI/R condition and elucidated its potential mechanisms. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with BBR in the absence or presence of the SIRT1 inhibitor sirtinol (St...
Background Negative energy balance (NEB) is a common pathological foundation of ketosis and fatty liver. Liver and fat tissue are the major organs of lipid metabolism and take part in modulating lipid oxidative capacity and energy demands, which is also a key metabolic pathway that regulates NEB develop during perinatal period. Fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) is a recently discovered protein hormone that plays an important and specific regulating role in adipose lipid metabolism and liver g...
Last. Guowen Liu(JLU: Jilin University)H-Index: 27
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Dairy cows with fatty liver are characterized by hepatic lipid accumulation and a severe inflammatory response. Sterol receptor element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) are components of the main pathways for controlling triglyceride (TG) accumulation and inflammatory levels, respectively. A previous study demonstrated that hepatic inflammatory levels are positively correlated with hepatic TG content. We therefore speculated that SREBP-1c might play an important role i...
The ectopic deposition of fat is thought to lead to lipotoxicity and has been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and diabetic cardiomyopathy. We have measured mitochondrial respiratory capacities in the hearts of ob/ob and wild-type mice on either a regular chow (RCD) or high-fat (HFD) diet across four age groups to investigate the impact of diet and age on mitochondrial function alongside a comprehensive strategy for metabolic profiling of the tissue. Myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction...
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic, metabolic condition characterized by excessive blood glucose that causes perturbations in physiological functioning of almost all the organs of human body. This devastating metabolic disease has its implications in cognitive decline, heart damage, renal, retinal and neuronal complications that severely affects quality of life and associated with decreased life expectancy. Mitochondria possess adaptive mechanisms to meet the cellular energy demand and combat c...
ABSTRACT Ketosis is a common metabolic disorder in high-producing dairy cows during the peripartal period. Negative energy balance leads to increased circulating levels of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), consequently increasing the risk of ketosis. It is well-known that NEFA and BHB can induce lipotoxicity and oxidative stress in bovine tissues/organs including the liver and adipose tissue. Although the mammary gland is one important site for NEFA and BHB metabolism...
#1Mengting Zhou(CDUTCM: Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine)H-Index: 1
#1Mengting Zhou(CDUTCM: Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine)H-Index: 1
Last. Yunxia Li(CDUTCM: Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine)H-Index: 11
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Liver plays an important role in bile synthesis, metabolic function, degradation of toxins, new substances synthesis in body. However, hepatopathy morbidity and mortality are increasing year by year around the world, which become a major public health problem. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a prominent role in the treatment of liver diseases due to its definite curative effect and small side effects. The hepatoprotective effect of berberine has been extensively studied, so we comprehensi...
#1Yang Sheng Wu(ZJNU: Zhejiang Chinese Medical University)H-Index: 2
#2Zhe Ming Li(ZJNU: Zhejiang Chinese Medical University)H-Index: 1
Last. Chang Yu Li(ZJNU: Zhejiang Chinese Medical University)H-Index: 4
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Berberine (BBR), a natural compound extracted from a Chinese herb, has been shown to effectively attenuate insulin resistance (IR) and inflammation in the clinic. However, its ameliorative mechanism against IR is not well defined. This study is aimed at investigating the effect of BBR and protein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent 1B (PPM1B) on IR. Biochemical measurements and liver histopathology were detected using the biochemical analyzer and HE staining in ZDF rats, respectively. Microarray an...
#1Yanping Liu(Soochow University (Suzhou))H-Index: 7
#2H. Y. Bai(CAS: Chinese Academy of Sciences)H-Index: 29
Last. Xiyuan Lu(Soochow University (Suzhou))H-Index: 2
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Human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) have great potential in biomedical applications. However, the immature state of cardiomyocytes obtained using existing protocols limits the application of hPSC-CMs. Unlike adult cardiac myocytes, hPSC-CMs generate ATP through an immature metabolic pathway-aerobic glycolysis, instead of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Hence, metabolic switching is critical for functional maturation in hPSC-CMs. Peroxisome proliferator...