Electrically controlled water permeation through graphene oxide membranes

Controlled transport of water molecules through membranes and capillaries is important in areas as diverse as water purification and healthcare technologies1–7. Previous attempts to control water permeation through membranes (mainly polymeric ones) have concentrated on modulating the structure of the membrane and the physicochemical properties of its surface by varying the pH, temperature or ionic strength3,8. Electrical control over water...