Nanosheet-assembled NiO microspheres modified by Sn2+ ions isovalent interstitial doping for xylene gas sensors

Hierarchical NiO nanomaterials doped by 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 at% Sn2+ ions were synthesized through a facial hydrothermal route. The isovalent Sn2+ ions were selected as dopants and occupied the interstitial spaces of NiO lattice. Such obtained NiO specimens were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) etc. and used as...