Patent foramen ovale closure versus medical therapy for cryptogenic stroke: An updated meta-analysis

Background The efficacy of patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure for secondary stroke prevention in cryptogenic stroke (CS) patients with PFO is uncertain. This meta-analysis aims to assess whether PFO closure is superior to medical therapy. Methods Pooled estimates were calculated using Revman 5.3. The two primary endpoints were stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA). Secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality, new-onset atrial...