Histamine upregulates the expression of histamine receptors and increases the neuroprotective effect of astrocytes

Astrocytes have attracted increasing attention over recent decades for their role in neuroinflammation. Histamine, a major aminergic brain neurotransmitter, has an important influence on the main activities of astrocytes, such as ion homeostasis, energy metabolism, and neurotransmitter clearance. However, little is known about the impact of histamine on astrocyte immunomodulatory function.The expression of all known histamine receptor subtypes...